Ouxu Dictionary

-a -same
Coordinating inflection. If two or more words end with this inflection in the clause, then the words describe the same thing. You can use this to equate any two descriptions of the same object, situation, or event. If only one word in the clause ends -a, then it's semantically empty [which can be useful]. Compare -tit (-equal).
a and
A conjunction meaning and: All are true.
a- belief-
A belief, information accepted as true [in some model].
aaen- plank-
In the shape of a plank, with a long length, a modest width, and a shallow depth.
aakog- successful-
A feeling of pleasure in success, or pride.
aalu- hopeful-
A feeling of hope about something; it may yet turn out well.
aan- breaker-
A tool for fracturing objects; for example, wrecking ball, jackhammer.
aasi- press-
A mechanical force, a push or a press.
aaxa- tip-part-
Tip, pointed working part, such as a drill bit; a hisiu- (component-).
acit- spread-
To spread out, to increase in areal extent.
acu- entailment-
Logical entailment, true by proof. You can think of this as mathematical causation.
-ae -experiencer
Coordinating inflection. An experiencer of the event or situation of the sentence: Something affected by the event, or something involved in the situation. This inflection is very general.
aea- sex-
Sex, male or female.
aegxi- drill-
Drill, a tool for making holes. For example, a post-hole digger.
aeit- diffusely-reflect-
To reflect diffusely, as opposed to specularly.
aeiti- groove-
A groove, an elongated surface depression.
aepe- carnivore-
A carnivore.
aet- grass-
Grass, a plant which is grasslike in form. Not a cladistic term.
aetu- expand-
To expand, grow, spread, to increase in size.
aeu irrelevant
A conjunction meaning whether or not: The second is true whether or not the first is.
-af- -nth-
If the root is a number, convert it to an ordinal. If the root is another description, it is an identifying description which selects elements of a collection.
tohoaf-
3+nth-
third
tohoafhu
3+nth+time
the third time
xitaf-
red+nth-
the red one/ones
afcai- suspension-
Suspension, one substance, finely divided, suspended in a fluid of another substance.
afci- room-
Room, tank, a part of a structure enclosing space.
affag- record-
Record, archive, memory, stored information.
afho- bend-
A bend or fold in an elongated or flattened shape.
afio- pitying-
A feeling of pity.
afit- slice-
A slice or cross-section of a shape, not necessarily flat or perfectly thin. For example, a slice of bread seen as part of a loaf.
-afo- -still-
Still true, remaining the case.
afoa- violent-
Violent.
afpon- cough-
A cough, coughing, or a person who is coughing.
afte- sing-
A singer, to sing, the voice as a musical instrument. A lafhu- (musical-instrument-).
afug- wasp-
A wasp. Not a cladistic term.
agas- clock-year-
A calendar year.
agfi- afraid-
A feeling of fear.
agii- museum-
Museum, theater, monument, memorial, public sculpture; an enduring object or place for entertainment or thought. Compare polog- (entertainment-show-).
agkaa- organ-
An organ or tissue; a functional component of an organism.
agla- good-
Good, appropriate, fitting for some use.
agli- confident-
Confident, certain, strongly believed, a strong belief.
agsot- clothing-
Clothing, garment.
agu- elbow-
Elbow joint.
-ah- -moderately-
To a moderate degree.
aha- object-
A physical object.
ahae- meal-
A meal, the food or the event.
ahaha- flimsy-
Flimsy, flexible under incidental forces.
ahapei- physical-property-
Any physical property, such as momentum.
ahaua- mineral-
Mineral.
ahauf- disassembled-
Disassembled, taken apart: The parts of a potential iaan- (system-) which are not organized into the system.
ahefa- absolute-value-
The absolute value of a number: |a|.
ahet- knuckle-
Knuckle joint.
ahi- clockwise-
Clockwise rotation.
ahiaha- secretion-
Any biological secretion.
ahian- balanced-
Balanced, in equilibrium with respect to some set of influences.
ahoku- utter-
To utter, spoken.
ahos- desirous-
A feeling of desire.
-ahu- -of-
Something related to the root.
ai- unspecified-
Something unspecified; something; anything. It may be something specific, but information about it is being left out [for any reason].
aiea- screech-
Screech, a loud, prolonged, high-pitched sound.
aifsa- box-
Box, a flat-sided container.
aihi- lying-
Lying down, posed with the long axis near horizontal.
ailo- story-
A story or narrative: Anecdote, novel, etc.
aises- and-so-on-
And so on, et cetera. Used in a list or collection, it means that there are further items of the collection not mentioned. Used by itself, it implies a collection.
aiun- social-
Something social, capable of interacting in a society.
aiupu- special-case-
A special case with respect to some cieg- (model-); it is an exception, or is treated differently than the typical case.
aiupupo-
special-case+opposite-
general case, usual case
akahen- gel-
Gel or aerogel, fluid inclusions in a solid.
aket- grease-
Grease, as a material.
aki- long-
Long, great in length.
akika- phoneme-
Phoneme.
akos- early-
Early, at an early time.
akufi- electricity-
Electricity.
ala of-course
A sentence modifier meaning that the sentence should be obvious. It can mean "clearly", "of course", "as you can see".
alahata- geological-
A geological object or phenomenon.
alanhi- observe-
An observation; to observe, point out, make note of something.
alapo- bucket-
Bucket, a carryable container open at the top.
alas- minimum-
Minimum, the smallest in value or magnitude from among some set.
ale- scatter-
To scatter something, to spread its possible future trajectories over a wide range. For reflective scattering specifically, see aeit- (diffusely-reflect-).
aleai- electronic-instrument-
Electronic instrument, information-processing instrument, such as an electric piano or a theremin. A loudspeaker, which turns an electrical signal into sounds, is an example. A lafhu- (musical-instrument-).
alesi- relax-
To relax, sleep, refuel, etc.; not working on other goals, but acting to recover capacity for work. Compare kofke- (idle-), huaho- (resting-).
alig- building-
Building, installation, a stationary uhuau- (structure-).
alihu- business-
Business, for-profit, a xaxet- (organization-) whose goal is to gain resources.
alo- human-
A human, a member of genus Homo. A cladistic term.
aloi- saturated-
Saturated in color, vivid, "bright".
aloipo-
saturated+opposite-
pastel
alunin- aluminum-
Aluminum.
alusa- feather-
A feather.
alut- window-
Window, the opening [not, for example, the glass]; a port to allow radiation through. Compare ola- (door-), uci- (hatch-).
-an- -moderate-
A moderate amount, or a moderate number.
aneu- game-
Game, competitive entertainment.
anfu- prepared-
A goal which is ready to meet; all preconditions are satisfied. Now you can eat the sandwich.
ange- pipe-
Pipe, wick, an umbilical to transfer fluid-like material; a hisiu- (component-).
anko- lock-
A lock or locked access, a tool that prevents undesired access and allows desired access. For example, cryptography.
anlu- resource-
A resource useful for carrying out some plan.
annan- example-
An example. Compare leu (for-example).
anpel- ampere-
One ampere in electrical current.
anta- push-
A push, an applied force that causes movement.
antif- breast-
Breast, mammary of a mammal.
anxo- bug-
A bug, any small land arthropod. Not a cladistic term.
ao proposal
A sentence modifier that marks a sentence as a proposal, like "let's" in English. A proposal is similar to a weak command; compare he (command).
ao- leg-
Leg, for walking. For furniture legs, see ofigi- (column-).
-aoa -avoid
Coordinating inflection. The agent's goal in the sentence is to avoid this. Existence of a negative goal implies an agent, which may be expressed or implied.
aofo- ticket-
A ticket or other ottoa- (official-document-) which can be used up.
aogla- imaginary-
Something imaginary, hallucinated, dreamed of, all in the mind in one way or another.
aohoa- arthropod-
An arthropod. A cladistic term.
aokin- stomach-
Stomach.
aou- road-
Road, street, highway, a surface path deliberately prepared for use.
-apa -change-in
Coordinating inflection. A thing or situation that changes.
apa- two-
The number 2.
apaehe- evolution-
Evolution, the course or history of changes to a system.
apaki- sail-
Sail, an engine that works by capturing momentum from the environment; for example, a solar sail, a millwheel.
apaotu- blanket-
Blanket, sheet, a temporarily covering [not necessarily for warmth].
apaso- sponge-
A sponge, the animal. A cladistic term.
ape- patient-
A feeling of patience about something; it can wait.
apele- respect-
Sir, ma'am, your honor; something the speaker is expressing respect toward.
api sort-of
A sentence modifier that weakens the claim of the sentence. "That's sort of true."
apoet- plow-
Plow, a tool for tilling.
apulu- telephone-
Telephone, microphone, loudspeaker, a tool for transmitting sound.
asafe- familiarity-
A feeling of comfortable familiarity.
asafepo-
familiarity+opposite-
discomfort due to alienness
asaif- great-
Something great, according to some fifhe- (culture-); it is associated with exceptional positive emotion or with achievement of exceptionally difficult goals.
asao- emit-
To emit radiation or an object, causing the emitted thing to separate from the parent. This includes squeezing water from a sponge. The inverse is futla- (absorb-). Compare tetof- (glowing-).
asassa- autumn-
Autumn season, fall.
asatau- interval-
An interval, a range of values.
ascat- sorted-
Sorted into some order, ordered, sequenced.
asen- hoped-for-
Something hoped for but considered unachievable; a goal which there is no known plan to reach without a favorable contingency ["good luck"].
asga- flower-
Flower of a flowering plant.
asi- loan-
A loan, to lend.
assea- ductile-
Ductile, resistant to fracture but not to deformation.
astu- paper-
Paper.
asue- hue-
Hue, an aspect of a color.
at- you-
You, the audience or intended audience.
atacu- combination-
A combination, in the mathematical sense: A selection from a set.
ataf- milk-
Milk.
ataha as-generalization
A discourse connective that says that following discourse offers a generalization of something more specific that has been mentioned. For example, this word may mark the moral of a story, or a general conclusion drawn from specific examples. Compare leu (for-example).
atesha- dimensionality-
Dimensionality, the number of dimensions, not necessarily of space.
eeatesha-
1+dimensionality-
one-dimensional, string-shaped
apaatesha-
2+dimensionality-
two-dimensional, sheet-shaped
atipi- lens-
A lens shape, an oblate spheroid.
ato- salad-
Salad.
atopa- ambient-
Ambient, lying around, freely available from the environment.
atout- myriapod-
Myriapod, for example, a centipede or millipede. A cladistic term.
atsan- bam-
A short, sudden, intentional event, such as a camera shutter clicking as you slowly press the button, or a window breaking when you throw a brick through it.
attei- vector-
A mathematical vector, or something represented as a vector.
atug- arm-
Arm, a limb with grasping or effecting as an important function.
-au -change-from
Coordinating inflection. A former situation, a starting point; the sentence says that it is no longer the case. If the sentence is about movement, a former location, probably the starting location.
auae- vowel-
Vowel.
auag- caretaker-
A caretaker, one who helps take care of the needs of another.
augtu- socket-
A socket or attachment point where resources are transferred, such as an electrical socket, a nipple, a bellybutton, etc.
auhug- commitment-
A committed choice, one that rules out alternatives. Compare ifka- (choice-).
aui- wrist-
Wrist.
auiu- hydrogen-
Hydrogen.
auka- currency-
Currency, money.
aule- cover-
Cover, shelter against environmental conditions, such as a coat or a house.
auputo- nucleon-
A nucleon, a proton or neutron.
xiginauputo-
electric-charge+nucleon-
proton
piixiginauputo-
zero+electric-charge+nucleon-
neutron
aut- art-
Art, an object or information produced for its esthetic value.
axa- beer-
Beer.
axakan- helix-
A helix, helical in shape, a spiral drawn out in three dimensions, such as the threads of a screw.
axe- approving-
A feeling of approval of something; it's a good thing.
axof- egg-
Animal egg.
axoho- assumption-
An assumption, presumption, axiom; something taken to be the case for purposes of discussion. Whether it is believed is not specified.
axuu- soap-
Soap.
ca- width-
The length of the second-longest natural axis of a shape. Compare ci- (length-), cu- (depth-).
cacag- trajectory-
Trajectory, a path through space [not necessarily a path of movement].
cae- police-
A sub-organization tasked with enforcing organizational policy. This is much more general than English "police".
cafu- tar-
Tar.
cagan- bed-
Bed.
caha- alive-
Alive, not dead. Compare uug- (broken-).
cait- known-of-
Something known of or heard of, but not necessarily believed [in some model].
caixa- pinniped-
Pinniped, for example, seal, sea lion, walrus. A cladistic term.
cakut- rug-
Rug, carpet, mat.
calaxa- creep-
To creep or glide across a surface, maintaining continuous contact over a wide area; for example, a snail, a snake, a tracked vehicle.
calot- input-
A necessary input for an event to occur; a precondition. It is either a gahen- (catalyst-) or a kusto- (consumed-input-).
-can- -ness-
Convert having a quality into the abstract quality itself.
agfican-
afraid+ness-
fear
canhi- bent-
Bent, changed in shape by bending [this is not the opposite of straight]. This is more specific than celit- (flexed-).
cattac- hail-
Hail.
cauf- integer-
An integer.
ce yay
An exclamation expressing joy or triumph.
-ceas- -beside-
A space beside what the root identifies.
cee- stretched-
Stretched, changed in shape by stretching.
ceepo-
stretched+opposite-
compressed
cefke- reaction-
Reaction to a change or to new information.
celit- flexed-
Flexed, changed in shape from some original shape, perhaps by bending or stretching.
-ceo- -neutrally-
To a neutral degree; "not really".
-cet- -surprise-
Emphasize the word as surprising.
cetu- elder-
An elder, according to some fifhe- (culture-).
cexo- partition-
A partition, in the mathematical sense: A way to divide up a set.
ci- length-
The length of the longest natural axis of a shape. The natural axis is not necessarily straight; for example, the natural axis of a coiled rope runs down the length of the rope. Compare ca- (width-), cu- (depth-).
-cic- -each-
The sentence as a whole holds for each individual element of the collection, rather than for the collection as a whole.
cieg- model-
A model, theory, explanation, knowledge. The model may be of any type: mathematical, physical, mental.
ofciegtig-
i+model+all-
my knowledge
tatsulo ofciega
snake+of i+model+same
what I know about snakes
sapaflo susogciega
the-moon+of ology+model+same
scientific model of the moon
cif- left-
On the left, or toward the left.
athaa cifa
you+viewpoint left+same
on your left
cihi- diameter-
The physical diameter of a shape, the length of the longest chord that fits in its convex hull.
cikot- electric-field-
An electric field.
cilat- sun-
The Sun.
-cin- -above-
A space above what the root identifies.
cinsi- anxious-
A feeling of anxiety.
cipag- hanger-
Hanger, a support from which things are suspended.
cipe- hook-
In the shape of a hook, such as the letter J.
cisan- grave-
A feeling of gravity or seriousness.
cittia- conscious-
Conscious, aware, awake. For awareness of a specific thing, use another word, such as cait- (known-of-).
cittiapo-
conscious+opposite-
asleep, unconscious, non-sentient
ciu- comma-
The comma separating groups of three digits in a number. It is optional in numbers and is not allowed anywhere else.
cixef- engine-
Engine, motor, muscle, a machine to generate mechanical force.
-co- -ordinal-
Convert a number into an ordinal.
eeapaco-
12+ordinal-
twelfth
co however
A discourse connective that says that following discourse contrasts with preceding discourse. It is similar to "but" or "however" in English.
coan- shirt-
Shirt, blouse, upper-body garment.
cocog- scene-
Scene, view, in a general sense: The collection of perceptions offered at a given place and time.
coen- city-
City, town, village, metropolitan area.
cof- dog-
Canid, such as a dog, wolf, coyote, fox. A cladistic term.
cogo- mistake-
A mistake, an error in pursuing a goal, an intentionally chosen alternative that turns out [for whatever reason] to move away from the goal.
cokio- reliable-
Reliable, trustworth with respect to its role in achieving some goal; it may be an agent, a tool, or an environmental factor.
cokiopitso olasuepu
reliable+extremely+attribute gravity+instrument
gravity hasn't failed us yet
colup- fracture-
Fracturing, breaking by fracture.
coni- fat-tissue-
Fat, fatty tissue.
cotlo- wind-instrument-
A wind instrument, a resonating air instrument; a flute, a whistle, a trumpet, a pipe organ, etc. A lafhu- (musical-instrument-).
cotsa- latch-
Latch, buckle, clasp, which can be fastened and unfastened.
cu- depth-
The length of the third-longest natural axis of a shape. Compare ci- (length-), ca- (width-).
-cua- -emphasis-
Emphasize the word. For specific types of emphasis, see -let- -eka- -seo- -xasa- -cet-.
-cuc- -mass-
The sentence holds for the collection as a whole, rather than for each member individually.
cue- distressed-
A feeling of distress about something; it is emotionally difficult to deal with.
cuea- particle-
A particle, in the sense of particle physics.
cuf- right-
On the right, or toward the right.
cufa- earned-
Earned gain or profit; salary, investment return, etc., not necessarily in money.
cufe- sky-
The sky.
cuglu- sentence-
Sentence, in the grammatical sense.
cuis- dotted-
Dotted; showing small spots with different characteristics.
cuki- banded-
Banded; showing different characteristics in three-dimensional bands, layers, or strata. Compare xusig- (layered-).
cuku- opponent-
Opponent, rival, agent with goals that conflict with another's.
-cun- -below-
A space below what the root identifies.
cunha- poetry-
Poetry, language aut- (art-) in which the encoded form has high artistic importance.
cuno- behavior-
A behavior.
cushif- warble-
Warble or glide, a sound that varies in pitch.
cutaf- button-
Button or hook, the counterpart of inpoa- (buttonhole-).
cutfu- stack-
A stack, an array, a pattern, an orderly collection.
cuxun- swallow-
Swallowing, or something that is swallowing.
e- surprised-
A feeling of surprise.
eae- learned-
Something learned.
eag- meat-
Meat, animal parts as food.
eahif- temple-
A temple, shrine, church, mosque, synagogue, etc. dedicated to a religion or to a religious object.
eaho- rule-
A rule, a law, a constraint, a limitation. For example, a speed limit or a natural law.
eakat- facet-
A face or facet, a flat surface area.
eaui- virus-
A virus.
eaus- news-
News, new information (new for some agent, from some point of view).
eco- religious-
Religious, or a religion.
ee uh
A conversation management word that indicates hesitation. You are holding the floor until you can figure out what to say. You can draw out the long vowel as long as necessary.
ee- one-
The number 1.
ef- derogate-
Bitch; something the speaker is derogating vulgarly.
efa- help-
Help, aid, assistance.
efasa- tool-
Tool in a broad sense, information or an object which is used or is intended to be used by some agent to achieve a goal. Tools and things that can be inflected -epu (-instrument) are the same.
efet- digression-
A digression, an aside.
efpao- noble-gas-
A noble gas.
efpe- comfortable-
An emotion of comfort about something; there's no reason to improve it.
efti- dragonfly-
A dragonfly or damselfly. A cladistic term.
egi- twilight-
Twilight, morning or evening.
egnu- run-
To run, moving quickly on legs, using a different gait than slower walking.
ego- solid-
Solid, as opposed to liquid, etc.
egpo- side-
A side surface, a surface expected or intended to face to the side rather than upward or downward.
egta- taste-
Taste, the sense.
egtaha- satellite-
An orbiting satellite, whether natural or artificial.
egxi- bone-
Bone, shell, rigid support element of an organism, including the exoskeleton of an arthropod.
-eh- -very-
To a high degree.
ehaa- worm-
A worm, a worm-shaped animal. Not a cladistic term.
ehi- tired-
Tired, or something that is tired.
eho- ingest-
Ingesting, eating or drinking, or something that is ingesting.
ehuhi- definition-
Definition, as a dictionary definition or a mathematical definition.
eia- needle-
Needle, a tool that pierces using pressure, without removing material.
eif- snow-
Snow.
-eiku- -via-
The direction, or a trajectory or movement, through the space that the root identifies.
eisae- organism-
A biological organism, a living thing, broadly defined to include viruses and prions and hypothetical future people who need lab equipment to reproduce. But a biological entity which cannot reproduce even in principle is excluded.
eiti- precise-
Precise, accurate, exact, just right, mathematical.
-eka- -contrast-
Emphasize the word in contrast to other words that might have been used: This one in particular, not any other.
ekapo- tragic-
Someting tragic, according to some fifhe- (culture-); it is or is associated with a goal failure with exceptionally severe consequences.
eket- smug-
A feeling of smugness.
ela- ray-fin-
A ray-fin fish. A cladistic term.
elela- outer-space-
Outer space, most of the universe.
elio- request-
A request.
elou- boundary-
The boundary or edge of a shape. This is the surface of a three-dimensional figure, the edge of a two-dimensional figure, the endpoints or limit points of a one-dimensional figure, and so on for other sets.
eluf- fungus-
A fungus. A cladistic term. This word is easy to misuse, because some organisms commonly called "fungus" in English are technically not. For example, mildew is a stramenopile.
eneg- rented-
Rented or leased (usage sold for a period of time).
enlix- english-
English, of or pertaining to the English language or associated culture.
enso- answer-
The answer to a question. Compare peue- (response-).
-eo- -only-
Similar to English "only": Only this one, not any others.
eosu- acceleration-
Acceleration.
eotpa- clubbed-
Clubbed in shape, elongated and with a thickening at one end.
eoxi- lever-
Lever, a tool for applying leverage. For example, crowbar.
ep not
A sentence modifier that negates the meaning of the sentence.
epale- fixture-
Fixture, an integral or solidly-attached part.
epeau- forehead-
Forehead.
epete- holy-
Anything which is holy or religiously special.
epeu- hat-
Hat.
-epi- -current-
Current, now the case.
epot- complete-
Something completed or finished relative to a goal.
-epu -instrument
Coordinating inflection. An instrument used by the sentence's agent to achieve the goal. This can be anything used to achieve the goal, including a state of affairs. Existence of an instrument implies an agent, which may be expressed or implicit.
epu- market-
A market, a store, a trading place.
esa inference
Belief topic divider indicating that the sentence is an inference or deduction rather than a direct observation. This may mean the same as English "apparently" or "it seems that". A mathematical proof is also an inference, though ohe (realis) would typically be a more suitable divider for a proof.
esaea- weasel-
Mustelid, such as weasel, badger, ferret, otter, skunk, etc. A cladistic term.
esasi- god-
A god, angel, spirit, saint, or other religious agent, which may be a religion, a shrine, an object, etc. It must be something specifically mentioned in the beliefs of a religion (a priest is not a esasi- unless specifically mentioned, for example, by name).
eshan- mingled-
Something that is, has, or is made up of a set of properties which are mingled. If you select out one part (at the level of analysis that the speaker intends), all the intended properties hold, perhaps in some combined or mixed way. Yellow is mingled red and green. Opposite: Aggregated; if you pick out a part, you have one property holding there. Christmas tree lights might be aggregated red and green.
esos- speed-
Speed, velocity, how fast you're going.
esu- genitals-
Genitals, male or female.
esui- infected-
Infected or persistently parasitized by an organism. For example, a boat encrusted with barnacles.
-et -cause
Coordinating inflection. Any cause of the event of the sentence, direct or indirect. Compare fua- (agent-).
et- clause-it-
To be used only in a subordinate clause to refer to the clause's head.
etat- guilty-
A feeling of guilt.
ete- bread-
Bread.
etifa- info-or-object-
Information or a physical object.
etig- amphibian-
An amphibian. A cladistic term.
etle- house-
A house, a building that is a ues- (home-) (not necessarily for people).
etpaf- recent-
Recent, or in the near future; at a time near now.
etxa- region-
A region, a location that's not small.
eua- regimented-
Regimented, precisely and thoroughly organized.
eupe- alcohol-drink-
Alcholic drink.
eupuf- emergency-
An emergency, a goal which is both lopun- (important-) and gio- (urgent-).
eut- action-
An action, that is, an event involving a change which is seen as brought about by some onpe- (actor-).
exag- attack-
An attack in a general sense, an action taken to achieve one's own goals at the expense of competing goals held by others.
exe- wave-
Wave, in the physics sense.
exei- suction-
Suction, a sucking force caused by pressure difference, as used by a vacuum cleaner. If negative, a blowing force.
exif- hot-
Hot, high temperature.
exifcan-
hot+quality-
heat
exifsocug-
hot+measure-
temperature
-fa -event
Coordinating inflection. The event or action of the sentence. An event is any change: In "rain+action" (it's raining), the change is that the rain is moving. Compare -ha (-action).
faen- wind-
Atmospheric wind.
faesa- tetrapod-
A tetrapod vertebrate. A cladistic term.
fagot- fiction-
Fiction, language aut- (art-), not necessarily fictional.
fah- salty-
Salty in taste.
fahat- number-
Number.
fahi- read-
To read.
falo- sexually-aroused-
Feeling sexually aroused.
faoig- magical-cause-
Magical cause, magical spell, magic.
fapin- joint-
A joint or hinge, a point of flexibility in an articulated structure.
fasta- smell-
Smell, odor, aroma; to smell; olfaction.
fatae- ditch-
Ditch, groove in the ground.
fatpo- clumpy-
Clumpy or lumpy, liquid or solid and flowing but with varying thickness or viscosity, perhaps because of solid lumps.
fatuf- school-
School, research institute, an organization for learning.
-fau- -material-
Convert an object into the material the object is made of.
sioifau-
tree+material-
wood
gipifau-
boss+material-
what leaders are made of (a metaphorical usage)
faua- kiss-
A kiss, to kiss.
faxaf- smile-
A smile, to smile.
faxu- sphere-
Spherical.
fee- constant-
Constant, not changing over time.
fefte- respectful-
A feeling of respect.
fegla- butterfly-
A butterfly or moth. A cladistic term.
-fego- -even-
Similar to English "even": Not only others, but even this one.
feh- msg-
With the taste of monosodium glutamate, "umami".
feifi- filamentary-
Filamentary, in the form of a filament or filaments; made up of elongated parts.
fento- femto-
The number 10^-15.
-fesat- -superior-
Socially superior, of higher social status.
fethi- in-organization-
A agent as a member of an organization; a member of an in-group rather than an out-group.
feu- clock-week-day-
A day of the week.
fiaa- group-
A collection of two or more agents, who are grouped or gathered (whether intentionally or not) in a way that serves their mutual interests; a society.
fian- belly-
Belly.
fica- corporation-
A commercial business or company (alihu-, business-) with official legal standing (not necessarily a corporation specifically).
fice- embarrassed-
A feeling of embarrassment.
fiet- transmit-
To transmit, to allow through, as a tunnel transmits traffic or a window transmits light.
fifhe- culture-
A culture, subculture, community; a group of agents with a system of shared knowledge. A fifhe- may be as small and simple as a few acquaintances who know some inside jokes, or it may be as large and amorphous as Western culture.
fih- bitter-
Bitter in taste.
fihin- aunt-uncle-
An aunt or uncle.
fiho- search-
A search, searching for something.
America-ua fihoha
America+goal search+action
searching for America
-fik- -from-
The direction, or a trajectory or movement, starting from the space that the root identifies.
filaf- clock-hour-
A clock hour, an hour of the day (not a duration). Compare hihu- (hour-).
fipof- consonant-
Consonant.
fis- east-
East in direction, or eastern as a location.
fisi- motivation-
Motivation, because of an agent's goals. You can think of this as the internal causation in a person.
fitu- smells-like-
Smells like.
Ili gaia fitua.
Immediate ocean+same smells-like+same.
It smells like the sea.
foafi- closable-container-
A closable container, a container that can be opened and closed.
foas- laugh-
A laugh, laughing, or a person who is laughing.
fofli- time-interval-
An interval of time.
foh- sour-
Sour in taste.
foki- physical-cause-
Physical cause, a cause that can be well explained by the laws of physics. (All causes are ultimately physical causes, but often so indirectly that it doesn't make sense to think of them that way.)
folta- volt-
One volt in electrical voltage.
fonu- intensity-
An intensity or degree, for example of light or of emotion.
fopot- dig-
Digging.
fose- dirt-
Dirt, dust; environmental contamination.
fosei- plant-
A green plant. A cladistic term.
fotho- crush-
Crushing, mashing, grinding.
foxit- lip-
Lip of the mouth.
foxo- investment-
An investment, resources spent now in the hope of greater gain later. (This is very common in life, but we don't usually talk about it this way.)
fua- agent-
An agent, a lukoa- (automaton-) which has goals.
fuaa- person-
A person, not necessarily human; a socially-capable fua- (agent-).
fues- soda-
Soda pop, soft drink.
fuga- turn-
To turn at a joint, to bend a joint.
fugut- license-
A license or permit, such as a passport or driver's license.
fuh- sweet-
Sweet in taste.
fuhof- forgotten-
Something forgotten, no longer remembered (by some agent, etc.).
-fuk- -to-
The direction, or a trajectory or movement, toward and reaching the space that the root identifies.
fuken- justification-
Justification, according to some rule or standard. You can think of this as social or organizational causation (with the society or organization providing the rule).
fulif- prism-
In the shape of an untwisted prism (in the mathematical sense): Having two flat, parallel, identical, polygonal faces joined by flat sides.
fus- west-
West in direction, or western as a location.
futla- absorb-
To absorb, to take in radiation or an object. The inverse is asao- (emit-).
futsu- rhythm-
A rhythm, a pattern in time.
ga- magenta-
Magenta in color.
gaau- mammal-
A mammal. A cladistic term.
gaci- urine-
Urine.
gafo- asleep-
Sleep, asleep, or something that is asleep.
gage- park-
Park, recreation area.
gahen- catalyst-
A catalyst in a generalized sense: An element necessary for an event and not destroyed, converted or used up by the event. For example, an engine is a gahen-. Compare kusto- (consumed-input-).
gai- ocean-
Ocean.
gakac- sandwich-
Sandwich.
gaku- jar-
Jar, lidded bottle, a container with a lid, cap, cork, or other openable closing.
galio- interfere-
Interference between two or more waves, in the physics sense.
ganha- grasp-
A grasp, to grasp.
gaste- pretence-
Pretence, acting as though it were true although it's not.
gaug- quotient-
The quotient of two numbers: a/b.
gea- rock-
Rock, stone.
gefa- problem-
Problem, trouble, nuisance, a situation which there is the goal of removing.
gegsu- expert-
Expert or skilled at achieving a specific goal or goals. Compare gunhi- (deft-).
gehut- gun-
Gun, cannon, etc.
gei- subset-
A subset.
geli- bumpy-
Bumpy in texture.
gese- specularly-reflect-
To reflect specularly, as a mirror.
-en- -large-
A large amount, or a large number.
gi joy
Emotional topic divider for all forms of joy, including happiness, comfort, content, fun. Opposite: gu (sorrow).
gi- cyan-
Cyan in color.
gie- gastropod-
A gastropod mollusk, a snail or slug. A cladistic term.
gigpa- area-
Area, a measure of two-dimensional extent.
gigxi- ridge-
Ridge, an elongated surface rise.
-gin- -toward-
The direction, or a trajectory or movement, toward the space that the root identifies, but not necessarily reaching it.
gina- shoe-
Shoe, sandal, etc.
gio- urgent-
Something urgent, in the sense that it must be dealt with quickly if at all. It is not necessarily lopun- (important-).
-gip- -cause-of-
Convert a thing to its cause.
gipi- boss-
Boss, chief, captain: The most important leader of a xaxet- (organization-), when a single agent and not an organization in its own right. Note that a sub-organization is also an organization.
-gis- -contents-
The contents of a container that the root identifies.
xahulgis-
bottle+contents-
the contents of the bottle
-gius- -fitting-to-
A space closely fitting the space that the root identifies.
goa- ceramic-
Ceramic.
goe- valve-
Valve, a controller affecting flow or transfer of information or objects; for example, a transistor; a hisiu- (component-).
-gof- -future-
In the future, upcoming.
gofi- limb-
Limb, a long or projecting extremity, such as external ears.
gogxa- silver-
Silver.
gohaf- bubble-
A bubble of gas included in a liquid or solid.
goif- misfit-
A misfit, according to some fifhe- (culture-).
golo- oven-
Oven, a cooking tool (in the sense of peka-, cooked-).
gonti- rake-
Rake, brush, a tool for raking.
gu sorrow
Emotional topic divider for all forms of sorrow, including sadness, grief, regret, pity. Opposite: gi (joy).
gu- yellow-
Yellow in color.
guas- sloped-
Sloped, sloping, tilted relative to the horizontal.
nitguas-
up+sloped-
sloping upward
aiehguas-
unspecified+very+sloped-
steeply sloped
gufan- ball-
A ball, a shape which is rounded all around, with no flat faces, points, or sharp seams. It is not necessarily spherical.
gugo- bee-
A bee. A cladistic term.
gui- fish-
A fish, any water-breathing vertebrate. Not a cladistic term.
-gun- -away-
The direction, or a trajectory or movement, away from the space that the root identifies, but not necessarily starting at it.
gunhi- deft-
Deft, skilled at taking actions toward a specific goal or goals--not necessarily at choosing the actions, but in carrying them out. A good guitarist is not always a good musician. Compare gegsu- (expert-).
-gup- -caused-by-
Convert a cause to something it causes.
-gupu- -now-until-
From now until then for events which are in the future, or from then until now for events which are past.
-gus- -container-
A container for the contents that the root identifies.
atafgus-
milk+container-
milk carton, the container that the milk is in
guta- drama-
Drama, play, movie; aut- (art-) depicting events in movement.
-guxe- -prototypical-
A or the prototypical or most typical one.
-ha -action
Coordinating inflection. The action of the agent of the sentence. Compare -fa (-event).
ha- decimal-point-
The decimal point in a decimal number.
-haa -viewpoint
Coordinating inflection. From the viewpoint of a place, or according to a person, a rule, a measurement device, or some other standard or criterion.
Ofhaa atxe pa kancopoxu.
I+viewpoint you+whole belief reasonable+opposite+part.
I think you're nuts.
haa- smooth-
Smooth in texture.
haapa- bronze-
Bronze.
hacen- fan-
Fan, propeller, oar, an engine that works by mechanically pushing on ambient fluid.
hae- loud-
Loud, a high-intensity sound.
-hafso- -sub-
Another, subordinated, thing of the same kind. This is similar to "sub-" in English, as "set" and "subset", or "heading" and "subheading".
kigehafso-
kind-of+sub-
subtype
icihafsopo-
cause+sub+opposite-
higher-level cause
-hagat- -through-
A space which transfixes or runs through the space that the root identifies.
hagug- fight-
Fighting, scuffle, combat.
tacuhagug-
country+fight-
war
hagxi- many-
Many, numerous.
hahan- tea-
Tea.
hahate- spice-
Spice, seasoning, in a broad sense.
hahit- consumption-
Consumption, expenditure, using up of a anlu- (resource-).
hahua- bill-
A bill, receipt, invoice, or record of a trade.
haies- cork-
Cork, as a material.
haika- texture-
Surface texture.
hais- shadow-
A shadow, in the general sense of blocked radiation or movement. An umbrella creates a rain shadow.
hakai- celebration-
To celebrate, commemorate, honor.
haki- bump-
A bump, a compact surface rise.
halau- feasible-
A feasible goal, a goal that can be accomplished at an acceptable cost. Compare iefe- (possible-), sakao- (impossible-).
halaupo-
feasible+opposite-
infeasible, too hard to be worth it
halei- automatic-
A device that operates automatically.
haleipo-
automatic+opposite-
manual
halla- mesh-
Filamentary (in the sense of feifi-) and arranged in a mesh or weave, as a fishing net or woven cloth.
halu- kin-
Kin, blood relative.
-han- -some-
Some of them, or some of it.
hanho- ribbon-
A ribbon, an elongated sheet. There is no implication that it is flexible; a road is a hanho-.
hanle- path-
Path, a route for travel.
hanxu- wire-
Wire, long thin working part with any function; a hisiu- (component-). Compare tolas- (rope-).
haoas- government-
A government, a type of houia- (leader-organization-).
haof- heavy-
Heavy, high in weight or mass.
haolo- mollusk-
A mollusk. A cladistic term.
hapa therefore
A discourse connective that says that following discourse is in some sense logically or chronologically after preceding discourse. It may mean "therefore" or "after then". Compare iuk (because).
hapaea- replica-
A thing which is copied repeatedly and is therefore in principle subject to some form of evolution: a living thing, a manufactured object, a language, etc.
hapeta- possible-world-
A possible world, any cieg- (model-) which is taken as a completely worldview.
hapeu- cnidarian-
Cnidarian, such as a jellyfish, sea anemone, coral. A cladistic term.
hapo- orientation-
An orientation, such as "this side up".
hasig- past-
The past.
haspaf- fork-
Forked, branched, having two or more branches from a main body. For example, a "+" symbol.
haspe- cousin-
A cousin.
hata- sneeze-
A sneeze, sneezing, or a person who is sneezing.
hatala- hum-
Hum, a low, even, prolonged sound.
-hattun- -the-not-really-
A specific one which this word does not technically describe. The meaning is similar to the meaning of the scare quotes in "military 'intelligence'".
-hatxa- -alike-
A collection of things which are all alike in some way.
hau- scope-
A scope or range, such as the range of a species, or the time period or culture in which a word was used.
haue- reference-
A reference, mention, allusion.
hauu- gesture-
Gesture, a body movement with an actual or intended meaning.
haxoc- excrete-
Excreting, or something that is excreting.
-he -place
Coordinating inflection. The location of the sentence. If the root describes an object or event, then the word as a whole means the location of the object or event.
he command
A sentence modifier that marks a sentence as a command. It turns a plain statement X into a command, "You, make it so that X is true." Compare ao (proposal).
he- clause-
Mark the end of a clause. This root is a syntactic special case, because it must be the first morpheme after a clause, and is not allowed anywhere else.
hea- drink-
Drink, liquid to drink.
heala- rural-
A rural area, the country, largely wild or only lightly managed. Farms or coppiced woods do not count.
hece- tip-
The tip, the end of an elongated shape.
hecea- nauseous-
Feeling nauseous.
hegpa- match-
Match, lighter, a tool for making fire.
hegse- nickel-
Nickel.
hehepe- nucleus-
A nucleus, the part of an atom.
hehi- plan-
A plan to achieve some goal.
hei- shoulder-
Shoulder.
heieu- polarization-
Polarization of a wave.
heihe- tether-
Tether, leash, a long flexible fastener which attaches at the ends.
hekto- hecto-
The number 10^2.
helen- drum-
Drum, a percussion instrument. A lafhu- (musical-instrument-).
-hen- -most-
Most of them, or most of it.
hena- indication-
Deliberate evidence: A sign, indicator, indication, hint, pointer, hidden meaning. Any intentional indication.
heot- bang-
Bang, a loud short sound.
hepugu- notation-
Notation of any kind, such as musical notation or a programming language.
hetpi- clock-month-day-
A day of the month.
hetsa- hertz-
One hertz in frequency.
hetus- role-
A role, as the role of the teacher in a class.
heu- cat-
Feliform, such as a housecat, tiger, lion, civet. A cladistic term.
heuhi- finger-
Finger.
hexau- viscous-
Viscous in consistency, thick.
hexu- count-
A count, a number of items.
hi- horizontal-
Horizontal in orientation; reclining.
hiaoa- factory-
Factory, where manufacturing is done.
hias- high-point-
A climax, an emotional or sensual high point, as a perception.
hiase- whale-
Cetacean, a whale, porpoise, etc. A cladistic term.
hiaun- dish-
Plate, bowl, a container for eating from directly.
hico- germ-
Germ, a disease-causing microorganism.
hie- month-
A month.
hiee- torso-
Torso, any part of an object which is not a gofi- (limb-); the body or bulk of an object. An object may have no torso, or more than one.
-hiepa- -esteemed-
Esteemed, highly regarded.
hifuf- appealing-
Appealing in some way, attractive to look at, to eat, etc.
hifufpo-
appealing+opposite-
repellent
-hig- -this-
This one, a specific one or more that is here, or immediate, or more salient.
higi- female-
Female.
higpe- knot-
Filamentary (in the sense of feifi-) and knotted, tangled, or matted.
hihahi- emotion-
An emotion.
hihipi- physical-phenomenon-
Any phenomenon of physics.
hihu- hour-
An hour of duration. Compare filaf- (clock-hour-).
hii wow
An exclamation expressing awe or respect.
hikaf- floating-
Something floating (in a medium).
hilata- climb-on-
To climb on an object by grasping it to move around; for example, to go hand-over-hand across monkey bars.
hilti- clock-
Clock, time-measurement device.
-hin- -almost-all-
Almost all of them, or almost all of it.
hinfo- twist-
A twist in an elongated or flattened shape.
hinha- magnetic-field-
Magnetism, a magnetic field.
hinle- cone-
A cone shape.
hio- liking-
A feeling of liking for something; it's nice.
hiolu- signal-
Signal, as opposed to noise; useful information; conclusions relevant to some goal can be inferred from it.
hiolupo-
signal+opposite-
noise, useless information
hipig- flea-
A flea. A cladistic term.
hipui- tax-
A tax.
hisa- amused-
A feeling of amusement about something; it's funny.
hises- data-
Encoded information (in a paoaha-, language-), information in some physical form. For example, radio waves representing a TV show.
hisiu- component-
A functional component of a larger system, which performs an understandable function with respect to the behavior of the whole.
hisixi- army-
Army, military, an organization for fighting, achievement of goals by force.
-hit- -now-
Now, at this time. Gravity+now- means the current gravity.
hitca- permitted-
Permitted, allowed, at least not prevented or prohibited. This says nothing about whether it actually happens.
-hito -except
Subordinating inflection. The subordinate does not hold, while the head does (in this case, the inflection means "and not"). If the subordinate is included in the head then the head holds except for the subordinate (in this case, the inflection means "except"). This can be used in a sequence to list multiple exceptions.
hiuo- shelter-
A shelter, in a very general sense: A situation or aspect of a situation that shelters or protects a goal from some adverse posan- (contingency-).
hiut- staying-
A remainder or leftover part; to remain, to stay; the part that doesn't leave, as contrasted with a part that does. If your flashlight emits photons, the flashlight is staying.
hiuxa- cultural-belief-
Cultural belief, a shared belief of a fifhe- (culture-).
ho surprise
Belief topic divider indicating that the sentence is true but surprising, or surprising if true. This divider has some overlap with soa (unreliable).
ho- it-
It, something specific which is obvious from context or has been mentioned recently.
hoae- sled-
A sled, sledge, skate, ski; to slide, perhaps on runners.
hoaf- bright-
Bright, emitting or reflecting a lot of light (or, by extension, other radiation).
hoau- key-
A tool for opening an anko- (lock-).
hofaa- bouyancy-
Bouyancy, a kind of force.
hofhe- fly-
A balloon, a bird, a projectile; a flyer, to fly.
hoge- familiar-with-
Something an agent is familiar with, recognizing it again from past encounters. setlu- (recognized-) is more general.
hogxo- heap-
A heap or pile, a disorderly collection gathered together.
hoha- fern-
A fern. A cladistic term.
hohof- leaf-
Leaf of a plant.
hoi- sick-
Sick, ill, diseased, hurt by means other than mechanical injury.
hoia- umbilical-
Umbilical, long thin part to transfer resources or material from one end to another, such as an electrical cord; a hisiu- (component-).
holi- measurement-
A measurement or estimate; a value on some scale. Compare luaxa- (perception-), a more general word.
holun- itchy-
Feeling an itch.
-hon -then
Subordinating inflection. The subordinate is followed by the head, according to some ordering.
-hon- -a-little-
A few of them, or a little of it.
honfa- chair-
Chair.
hoo- natural-
Natural, accidental, occurring without the deliberate action of any agent.
hoopo-
natural+opposite-
deliberate, artificial, an artifact
hopef- appreciative-
A feeling of esthetic appreciation. Compare pous- (pleased-).
hossi- interesting-
Intellectually interesting, worth thinking about.
hotan- stressed-
A feeling of stress.
hoto- build-
To build; the physical creation of an object.
hotpu- symmetrical-
Something symmetrical, in the general sense that some non-identity transformation leaves it essentially the same.
houhui- self-replicator-
A thing that can, given appropriate conditions, reproduce. For example, a computer virus.
houia- leader-organization-
Government, legislature, steering committee: A leadership organization, an organization whose goal is to provide direction or control outside itself.
-houn- -among-
A space among or between the collection of spaces that the root identifies.
hoxut- hip-
Hip joint.
-hu -time
Coordinating inflection. The time of the sentence. If the root describes an object or event, then the word as a whole means the time of the object or event.
hu- vertical-
Vertical in orientation; standing.
-hua- -also-
Similar to English "also": This one in addition to others.
Ofhuako athuaae pa xupaiet aun.
I+also+and you+also+experiencer belief misleading+cause belief+change-to.
Both you and I were fooled.
Atae xupaiet aun pa ofhuaae.
You+experiencer misleading+cause belief+change-to belief I+also+experiencer.
You were fooled, and I was too.
huaau- breathe-
Breathing, or something that is breathing, such as a jet engine.
huaho- resting-
A tool in resting position or posture, not ready to use, perhaps closed or capped. Compare kofke- (idle-), alesi- (relax-).
-hue- -about-
Some piece of information on the subject of the root.
hufca- security-
Security in a general sense, action taken to protect future achievement of a goal from adverse events, whether expected or not. Compare ihon- (defence-).
hufi- ankle-
Ankle joint.
huftu- sharp-
Sharp, pointy, with a point or edge which comes to a narrow angle.
hufu- costly-
Costly, difficult, expensive in resources, in the sense of huif- (cost-).
hufupi- adjective-
An adjective or adverb, a modifier.
-hug- -that-
That one, a specific one or more that is not -hig- (-this-).
huhiu- insect-
An insect. A cladistic term.
huif- cost-
The cost of obtaining an object or situation or achieving a goal, in terms of some resources expended; difficulty.
-huisig- -abstractly-
Something related to the root in an abstract or vague way. You can use this to mark a word as a metaphorical rather than a literal usage.
huitu- argument-
An argument that something is the case; a justification or attempt at persuasion.
huiua- crawl-
To crawl, moving slowly on legs, using a different gait than faster walking.
hukas- branch-
Branch or twig, the plant part.
hukin- open-hatch-
An open door or hatch, a uci- (hatch-) that can be open or closed and is currently open.
hukinpo-
open-hatch+opposite-
closed hatch
hukun- chain-
A chain or train, a cutfu- (stack-) whose parts are attached linearly one to the next, like the cars of a train, a row of bricks in a wall, or a sequence of letters in a sentence.
hulo- grandparent-
A grandparent, grandmother or grandfather.
-hun- -almost-none-
Very few of them, or almost none of it.
hunci- reward-
A reward granted to another agent in recognition of past behavior, or to influence future behavior.
huncipo-
reward+opposite-
punishment
hune- food-or-drink-
Food or drink.
huo one-of
A conjunction meaning exclusive or: Exactly one is true.
huot- season-
Season, such as a part of the year.
huota- spiral-
In the shape of a generalized spiral or helix, a curve whose ends do not meet. For example, a lockwasher.
hupot- waiting-
Waiting, either deliberately or because delay is forced.
husa- now-
Now.
-hut- -then-
Then, at another time. Meteor+then- means the meteor then, or a meteor that was or will be then.
hutao- opposite-
Opposite, as a concept. This is for talking about opposites, not for forming them.
huthu- event-
An event, a change in the situation.
hutie- meteor-
A meteor or meteorite.
huu- four-
The number 4.
huxon- image-
Image, picture, view.
-i -also
Special suffix that can be added only after a subordinating inflection in order to apply more than one subordinate to the same head.
-i- -up-to-
A space up to what the root identifies, the space from some salient location to there.
i attraction
Emotional topic divider for all forms of attraction, including liking, love, admiration, respect, awe, triumph. Opposite: u (aversion).
-ia -direction
Coordinating inflection. A direction moved in, a trajectory moved along, a place moved through; when not referring to physical movement, an intermediate state of some change.
ia- shrub-
A shrub, a bush, a plant that is shrublike in form. Not a cladistic term.
iaan- system-
A system, a whole made up of functional hisiu- (parts).
iae furthermore
A discourse connective that says that following discourse adds more weight to an ongoing argument.
iafa- pathway-
Pathway, trail, any surface path.
iafso- disk-
A disk, a tile (in the sense of lonag-) which is circular.
iaihi- gooseneck-
Gooseneck, an elongated flexible supporting element with useful strength in compression or bending. For example, the spine; a rubber hinge.
iaku- chapter-
A chapter or section of a longer document.
ialao- scale-
A scale, such as a scale of measurement.
iapapi- worshipper-
A worshipper, believer, adherent or practitioner of a religion or of some religious belief or practice.
iapi- court-
A court, board of inquiry, etc.; a xaxet- (organization-) which makes decisions on problems brought to it, or which was formed to make a specific decision.
iauxu- prion-
Any sub-viral agent: A prion, satellite, viroid, or something undiscovered.
icaka- brass-
Brass.
ici- cause-
A cause of any kind.
icoe- document-
A document, recorded communication.
ieata- pulley-
Pulley.
-ief- -label-
The word is being used as a label.
iefe- possible-
Something that may exist or is possibly the case; nothing is known that definitely precludes it. Its probability is non-zero.
ieig- accent-
Accent, stress, a speech sound which distinguishes one syllable in an intonational unit as more prominent.
ielu- block-
Polyhedral; made up of flat faces.
ietaf- tide-
A tide, such as ocean tides raised by the moon.
-ife- -past-
In the past, former.
ifka- choice-
A choice, alternative.
iflen- roll-
Rolling, rotating on another surface without slipping (too much).
iflihi- football-
An Americal football shape, a prolate spheroid.
ifni- stinger-
A pest which stings (for example, for parasitism or defense). Not a cladistic term.
ifsan- team-
A team, a crew, not necessarily of agents; the members work in concert to achieve a common goal. For example, multiple cylinders in a piston engine.
iftu- lake-
Lake, a long-lasting fresh body of water.
ifut- social-status-
Social status, from the point of view of some fifhe- (culture-).
-ig- -here-
At this location. Sculpture+here- means this sculpture here, or the sculpture that is here.
igat- tears-
Tears.
igce- scraper-
Scraper, a scraping or grinding tool.
igig- cup-
Cup, glass, canteen, a container for drinking from directly.
igua- subtended-
A subtended angle; the angle formed at a point by some object at a distance.
Kieahaa sapafae pa tekliluo 0.5iguafa.
Earth+viewpoint the-moon+experiencer belief 0.5+degree+measure subtended+event.
From the Earth, the moon subtends an angle of 0.5 degrees.
-ih- -very-very-
To a very high degree.
ihahu- severe-
Severe, harsh, dangerous; it has a big risk of causing harm.
ihate- sold-
To sell, to undertake in trade to bring about.
ihaxaf- package-
Package, shipping container, a container for transport over long distances.
-ihe -beneficiary
Coordinating inflection. A beneficiary of the event or situation of the sentence: Someone the event or situation of the sentence benefits, or if the sentence is agentive it may instead be someone the action of the sentence is intended to benefit.
ihe- direct-cause-
A direct or immediate cause, as opposed to an indirect cause.
ihepo-
direct-cause+opposite-
indirect cause
ihie- blade-part-
Blade, flat non-flimsy working part; for example, spatula blade; a hisiu- (component-).
ihipu- gland-
Gland, an organ for manufacturing and secreting something.
ihon- defence-
A defence in a general sense, an action taken to protect goals against exag- (attack-). Compare hufca- (security-).
ihu- clean-
Clean, not dirty.
ihuo- rabbit-
Lagomorph, a rabbit, hare, etc. A cladistic term.
ii- year-
A year.
iiha- magnitude-
A magnitude, possibly but not necessarily corresponding to a number.
iiug- roller-
To roll, perhaps on wheels.
ike- sad-
A feeling of sadness.
ikha- step-
One step or stage in a process. See lelu- (process-).
ikipi- hard-
Hard-surfaced, resistant to scratching. Compare titpi- (firm-).
ikof- cloth-
Cloth.
iku- gain-
Gain, profit, progress, benefit.
ikupo-
gain+opposite-
loss, damage
ikutu- supply-
Supply, store, something saved up for later use.
ilai- time-
Time.
ili immediate
Belief topic divider indicating that the sentence can be reliably believed because the speaker can directly perceive its truth right now, or remembers its truth from the immediate past (too short a time for memory to have become unreliable).
ilit- rubber-
Rubber, as a material.
ilopo- pot-
Pot, pan, baking tray, etc.; a container for cooking.
iluha- clan-
Clan, tribe; an enduring tightly-knit community with its own set of neho- (ritual-). Many families meet the definition. Compare puohi- (tribe-), fiaa- (group-).
-in- -huge-
A huge amount, or a huge number.
inag- distorted-
Distored hiolu- (signal-), a signal which is distorted, softened, or otherwise damaged.
inco- numeric-product-
The product of two numbers: a*b.
infa- ice-
Ice, not necessarily water ice.
ingo- voice-
Voice, or more generally the characteristic sound of an object.
aloingo-
human+voice-
human voice
heuingo-
cat+voice-
cat voice, cat sound, meow
kopoingo-
bell+voice-
ringing of a bell
inpoa- buttonhole-
A buttonhole, the eye for a hook, the hole for a bolt, etc.; the counterpart of cutaf- (button-).
inse- blood-
Blood.
intit- rectangle-
A rectangle, rectangular in shape.
iof- conifer-
A conifer. A cladistic term.
iohe- carbon-
Carbon, the chemical element.
ioia- interior-
The interior or inside of a shape, everything except the surface.
iolag- grain-covered-
Grain covering, any surface covering of grainular material.
ioo- crack-
A crack, fracture, break, gap, dividing point, where parts of the shape may touch but do not join.
ipat- large-
Large in physical size.
ipiat- negotiation-
Negotiation, mediation, diplomacy; information transmitted to agents with conflicting goals in an attempt to reduce goal conflict risk, or the process or event of this communication.
ipif- restaurant-
Restaurant, bar, cafeteria; an organization providing ready hune- (food-or-drink-).
ipilo- clock-minute-
A clock minute, a minute on the clock (not a duration).
ipo expected
An objective divider for sentences that are predictions or projections. Any future statement that there is some objective reason to believe qualifies, even if it is the output of a dubious computer model and nobody actually believes it. Wishes and hopes don't count, because they are not objective.
ipo- patchy-
Patchy, variegated, piebald; showing different characteristics in different places.
iputi- obligated-
A feeling of obligation, of owing something to another.
isaet- land-
Land, on land, as opposed to water. The solid surface of a celestial body.
isau- tamed-
Natural in origin but adapted for use so that it now acts in practice as something artificial; for example, a crop plant, a pet dog, stones in a stone wall.
isea- attached-
Mechanically attached, joined, bound.
isehe- placental-mammal-
A placental mammal. A cladistic term.
isi- negate-
The minus sign in front of a negative number.
isiua- substance-
Substance, material.
islo- tangent-
Tangent, as a line is mathematically tangent to a figure.
-iso- -next-
The next element of a collection, assuming that there is some "current" element.
koiso-
day+next-
tomorrow
koisopo-
day+next+opposite-
yesterday
isxiu- generic-
Generic, universal, about a category rather than about specific items. Not necessarily vague.
it- rise-
To rise, climb, to increase in altitude or height.
ita- knee-
Knee joint.
iten- shellfish-
A shellfish. Not a cladistic term.
itesu- change-
Changing with respect to any variable, not necessarily time. For example, the climate changes from warmer to cooler as you move north. Compare taluo- (vary-).
itfi- crustacean-
A crustacean. A cladistic term.
itfu- lid-
Lid, any separate part which is a closure for a container, such as the door of a closet.
itipiu- contract-
A contract, a legally-binding uau- (promise-).
itki- boat-
Boat, ship, raft, submarine, a liquid-traveling vehicle; swimmer, to swim.
itoxa- farm-
A farm, a garden; to farm or cultivate; to manage the growth of houhui- (self-replicator-)'s.
ituf- amplitude-
Amplitude of a wave, such as the height of a water wave or the loudness of a sound.
iu- what-
The indirect question word.
iuhu- attended-to-
Something paid attention to, attended to.
iui- claim-
A claim, assertion, statement.
iuk because
A discourse connective that says that following discourse is in some sense logically or chronologically before preceding discourse. It may mean "because" or "before that". Compare hapa (therefore).
iuta- punctuation-
A punctuation symbol.
iutua- wrapping-
Wrapping, covering, to cover contents.
-ix- -big-
Big, large in physical size or in magnitude.
itkiix-
boat+big-
ship
ixa- sweat-
Sweat.
ixes- rectangular-prism-
In the shape of a rectangular prism, a rectangular block.
ixita- junk-
Junk or trash, information or an object unwanted with respect to some goal (not necessarily antagonistic to the goal).
ixu- corner-
An outward-pointing corner, where sides meet more or less sharply in a point.
ixupo-
corner+opposite-
an inward-pointing corner, such as the corner of a room
kaai- eye-
Eye, camera, visual sensor.
-kaas- -around-
The direction, or a trajectory or movement, around the space that the root identifies.
kaen- rough-
Rough in texture.
kaffi- coffee-
Coffee.
kaglu- wine-
Wine.
kah- light-
Light radiation.
kaho- spot-
Spot, point, a location that is size zero, or at least very small.
kaito- womb-
Womb.
kalafi- cartilage-
Cartilage.
kalan- gram-
One gram in mass.
kali- version-
Version, variant, edition, etc.
kanco- reasonable-
Reasonable or sensible in behavior.
kancopo-
reasonable+opposite-
crazy, nuts
kantela- candela-
One candela in brightness.
kao- delightful-
Emotionally appealing. Compare suha- (beautiful-).
-kap -move
Coordinating inflection. A moving object; to move. See the root word ou- (move-) for details of what constitutes movement.
kapa- social-comfort-
A feeling of social comfort.
kapet- edge-part-
Edge, edged working part; for example, saw blade; a hisiu- (component-).
-kasa- -seeming-
Something that seems to be the root or has the same appearance as the root, and may or may not actually be.
Alokasape.
Human+seeming+exist.
It looked human.
kasato- coincidence-
Coincidence, coincidental, events which are do not have a common cause.
kasin- turtle-
A turtle, tortoise or terrapin. A cladistic term.
kasut- glove-
Glove.
katkig- energy-
Energy, in the physics sense.
katoa- courteous-
Courteous, polite, considerate of others' feelings.
katpuf- rich-
Rich in a general sense, having or having access to valuable resources.
ke- happy-
A feeling of happiness.
kefhe- nervous-system-
Nervous system or a part of it.
kefon- nitrogen-
Nitrogen.
keh- infrared-
Infrared radiation.
keko- law-
Law, a codified, enforceable cultural practice.
kelfin- kelvin-
One degree kelvin in temperature.
kenha- result-
The result of some event or effect.
kepef- sting-
A sting, the injury caused by being stung, or a thing which has been stung.
-keta- -overlapping-
A space overlapping what the root identifies.
ketai- distribution-
The distribution of an object or property over some set. For example, the distribution of houses in a town; the distribution of mountains in a continent; a probability distribution.
keu- fast-
Fast, quick-moving.
keupa- gregarious-
A desire to be among others.
keupapo-
gregarious+opposite-
desire for privacy
kiae- starch-
Starch.
kiaf- use-
Use, using, as using a tool.
kialo- lung-
Lung, gill, gas-exchange device; a hisiu- (component-).
kicu- humble-
A feeling of humility.
kiea- earth-
The Earth.
kieli- gelatinous-
Gelatinous in consistency.
-kif- -near-
A space close to the space that the root identifies.
kifte- facing-
An orientation given as a direction or a location that an object faces toward.
Mecca-kifteso ofa
Mecca+facing+attribute I+same
I am facing toward Mecca.
kige- kind-of-
A kind, type, variety, species.
-kigsa- -mutual-
And vice versa; each other; mutually the case. This suffix is meaningful only if it appears two or more times in the same clause. It means that the sentence remains true if the two roots swap places. For example "belief I+mutual+agent you+mutual+beneficiary amused+action" means "You and I amuse each other." It is the same as "belief I+agent you+beneficiary amused+action. You+agent I+beneficiary amused+action."
kih- radio-
Radio radiation.
kika- giga-
The number 10^9.
kilen- neck-
Neck, stalk.
kilo- kilo-
The number 10^3.
-kinfu- -primary-
The primary or more important one of its kind.
gipikinfu-
boss+primary-
top boss
kisis- weather-
Weather or climate (depending on the time scale); natural atmospheric phenomena.
kisug- sperm-
Animal sperm.
-kit- -more-
Turn a scale into a comparative: More of this.
Gufanhigxe gufanhughaa pa xitkitxu.
Ball+this+whole ball+that+viewpoint belief red+more+part.
This ball is redder than that ball.
kiusi- mixture-
A mixture of substances.
-ko -and
Subordinating inflection. The subordinate and the head both hold. This can be used in a sequence to conjoin multiple items. Compare -hon (-then).
ko- day-
A full day.
kocat- tub-
Tub, sink, tank, a container for fluid-like contents, having a drain, exit chute, etc.
kocig- endcap-
Endcap, the end of an elongated object, where it is different from the rest in some way.
kofke- idle-
Idle, doing nothing, taking no action (or no action worth mentioning).
koh- ultraviolet-
Ultraviolet radiation.
kole- frustrated-
A feeling of frustration.
konka- blank-
A blank character.
kopaho- debris-
Debris, junk remaining from the breakage or destruction of something.
kopo- bell-
Bell, resonating solid. A lafhu- (musical-instrument-).
kosog- clay-
Clay.
kou- carrier-
Carrier, a person, vehicle, etc. which carries some cargo.
-koua- -habitual-
Habitually true.
koxu- alternating-
Alternating, flipping back and forth. Used of a list, every second one.
3koxu-
3+alternating-
every third one
kuaon- irritated-
Physically irritated.
kueg- jump-
To jump or leap; for example, a flea.
-kuf- -far-
A space far from the space that the root identifies.
kuh- xray-
X-ray or gamma radiation.
kuhu- cavity-
A cavity, concavity or dent, a compact surface depression. It does not go all the way through. Compare sensa- (hole-).
kuiu- jaw-
Jaw.
kula- excited-
A feeling of excitement, agitation, arousal.
kuo- future-
The future.
kuoe- roof-
Roof, ceiling, top part of a building.
kusto- consumed-input-
An element necessary for an event and destroyed, converted or used up by the event, such as fuel. Compare gahen- (catalyst-).
-kut- -less-
Turn a scale into a comparative: Less of this.
cikut-
length+less-
shorter
kute- direction-
A direction, such as "north" or "that way".
fiskute-
east+direction-
to the east
kutehig-
direction+this-
that way
kutpi- basin-
A basin, contained to the bottom and sides and open on the top.
la huh
A conversation management word to express confusion. Perhaps you didn't hear or failed to make sense of something that was just said.
la- it-near-you-
It, something specific which is obvious from context or has been mentioned recently and is nearer the audience than the speaker.
laaof- poison-
Poison, a harmful substance. Sugar in the gas tank is poison to a car.
laas- seven-
The number 7.
lacaa- contagious-disease-
Sick with a contagious disease.
lacan- machine-
A machine, a tool which is seen as serving another's goals rather than having its own, but which takes actions. For example, a thermostat.
lacut- water-plant-
A photosynthetic organism that lives in water. Not a cladistic term.
laef- spider-
A spider. A cladistic term.
laeha- elephant-
An elephant or mammoth. A cladistic term.
lafa- encruster-
An encrusting organism, such as lichen.
lafhu- musical-instrument-
Musical instrument, regarded as a means of producing sound.
lafi- cloud-
Atmospheric cloud, with suspended solids or liquids.
lafsaf- morpheme-
Morpheme, the smallest part of language which bears meaning and can be recombined.
laget- quantum-
A smallest unit of something, according to some analysis; simple, atomic, elementary, not compound.
laglin- gem-
Gem, pretty or valuable mineral (whether natural or artificial).
lago- face-
Face.
-lahe- -other-than-
Something other than the root, though typically drawn from the same set (as English "anybody other than you" means anybody available other than you).
lahot- yeast-
Yeast. Not a cladistic term.
lahui- zinc-
Zinc.
lai- togetherness-
A feeling of social togetherness, camaraderie.
laipo-
togetherness+opposite-
loneliness
laipi- bank-
Bank, an organization that trades in money or in financial instruments such as stock. This includes many kinds of financial institution.
laiu- liquor-
Liquor.
-lal- -enough-
Enough, a large enough quantity or to a sufficient degree for some purpose.
lalas- precondition-
A precondition or requirement for meeting a goal; the goal cannot be accomplished without meeting the precondition. A precondition may also be a posan- (contingency-).
-lanka- -again-
True again.
lanpu- alarm-
Alarm, alarm signal, an indication of trouble or a call for help.
lao- acid-
Acid, something acidic as opposed to basic or alkaline.
laoga- wax-
Wax.
lasahi- useful-location-
A place which is used or reserved for an unspecified purpose habitually or over an extended period of time.
lasco- film-
Film, coating.
lasfao- jet-
Jet or rocket, a propulsion motor that works by ejecting reaction mass.
lasia- root-affix-
Root affix, the root of a word to which affixes may be attached.
latha- disgusted-
A feeling of disgust.
latof- pattern-
A pattern, a collection of elements which jointly obey some eaho- (rule-).
laus- wall-
Wall, partition.
-le- -indefinite-
Not any specific one, but a generic one. Similar to "a" in "a frog can jump" or "some" in "some frogs are poisonous". Compare -pinli- (-typical-).
leag- week-
A week.
leai- falsehood-
A falsehood, a deliberate lie.
leapu- syllable-
Syllable.
lee- conversation-
A conversation, discussion, an exchange of information.
lefe- context-
A context or environment.
legha- suggestion-
A suggestion.
lehlig- arch-
Arch.
leig- workplace-
Workplace, worksite.
leisa- official-record-
An official record, recording information.
lekie- correlation-
A statistical correlation--not necessarily the correlation coefficient, but some measure of correlation.
lekin- spring-
Spring season.
lelag- eel-
Eel, any water-dwelling animal with an eel-like form. Not a cladistic term.
lelu- process-
A process, an event that consists of a sequence of steps or stages. This is a very general word.
leo- far-
Far, distant.
leoa- opener-
A tool for opening, which helps in creating an opening from one place to another. For example, can opener, door key.
lepo- maybe-
Something that may or may not exist or be the case; it's unspecified. Compare iefe- (possible-).
lesaho- complaint-
A complaint.
-let- -emotion-
Empasize the word as emotionally significant, connected with strong or important feelings.
letan- empirical-
Empirical, actual, based on experience, as opposed to theoretical.
letek- drug-
Drug, a bioactive substance.
lethe- interpretation-
An interpretation, a kind of cieg- (model-); inferences drawn from or wider context relevant to the model's subject.
leu for-example
A discourse connective that says that following discourse offers a specific example of a more general topic that has come up. This is similar to "for example" in English. Compare ataha (as-generalization).
lexa- enclosure-
An enclosure, a surrounded space. The surround need not be solid or complete.
li- it-near-me-
It, something specific which is obvious from context or has been mentioned recently and is nearer the speaker than the audience.
lia- air-
Air, atmosphere.
liagan- color-
Color, whose aspects are asue- (hue-), aloi- (saturated-) and hoaf- (bright-).
lici- five-
The number 5.
lieai- physics-field-
A physical field of any kind, such as a gravitational field.
lieg- dear-
Dear, darling; something the speaker is expressing affection or love toward.
lieu- crocodile-
Crocodilomorph, crocodile broadly, including alligators, gavials, etc. A cladistic term.
-lif- -behind-
A space behind what the root identifies.
lighi- torus-
In the shape of a torus or doughnut.
ligon- beam-
Beam, as a beam of light or a spray of water from a hose (not a support beam).
ligpu- tail-
Tail, a rear gofi- (limb-).
lihan- sequence-
A sequence, a list, a collection of items in order.
lihao- mushroom-
A mushroom. Not a cladistic term.
lihet- fingernail-
A fingernail, toenail, or claw.
lihia- tray-
Tray, plate, platform, contained to the bottom.
lii- ear-
Ear, microphone, sound sensor.
likef- ornament-
Ornament, decoration; aut- (art-), perhaps minor, added to a larger arrangement for its esthetic effect. Possibly a part of an artwork, such as a line of poetry.
-lil- -not-enough-
Not enough, insufficient, too small a quantity or in an insufficient degree for some purpose.
linfi- tube-
In the shape of a tube.
lino- word-
Word, a complete word made up of one or more morphemes.
lios- nothing-
Nothing.
lipa- microorganism-
A microorganism.
lisu- late-
Late, at a late time.
lit hello
A conversation management word to express greetings, or to mark the addition or invite the addition of a new participant in the conversation.
lit- increasing-
Increasing, going up over time in some dimension.
liteha- terrain-
Terrain, in general.
litga- bite-
Biting, or something that is biting.
littel- liter-
One liter in volume.
litua- whole-number-
A whole number, 1, 2, 3, ....
liu- aka-
Synonym, alias, "in other words"; another way to say the same thing.
-lo -of
Subordinating inflection. The subordinate is related to the head in some way (perhaps distantly).
-lo- -the-
The specific one intended by the speaker.
loa- victorious-
A victorious agent or goal; there was a conflict between goals held by cuku- (opponent-)'s, and this agent or goal was achieved at the expense of others.
loe- sturdy-
Sturdy, tough, resistant to incidental or accidental change.
lofo- walk-
To walk, to travel at a usual speed on articulated legs. Compare huiua- (crawl-), egnu- (run-).
loga- utterance-
An utterance, a live communication.
logpi- sibling-
A sibling, brother or sister.
logta- origin-
An origin; where, how, or when something originated.
lohu- pants-
Pants, skirt, lower-body garment.
lois- hungry-
Hungry.
lokot- magnet-
A magnet.
lolaha- cephalopod-
A cephalopod. A cladistic term.
lolai- clock-second-
A given second on the clock (not a duration).
loles- province-
An administrative sub-region\; an area separated off and managed with some independence.
lonag- projectile-
A projectile, and object launched or thrown.
lonla- quotation-
A quote or quotation (not necessarily a famous saying). This is for talking about quoting, not for doing quoting.
lonsu- noun-
A noun.
lopun- important-
Important in the sense that it must be taken into account in achieving some goal.
-los- -one-of-the-
One from a specific group intended by the speaker.
losou- communicated-
Communicated information. Compare utesa- (analysis-), pefxa- (experimental-), puhata- (sensed-).
lotit- famous-
Famous, according to some fifhe- (culture-).
-lou- -part-
A physical part of the root.
alolou-
human+part-
human body parts
loutu- whine-
Whine, a quiet, prolonged, high-pitched sound.
louxi- tile-
A tat- (sheet-) which is flat.
loxi- configuration-
A configuration of a flexible or alterable system, such as the contents of a computer's memory or the current positions of your limbs.
lu- it-far-
It, something specific which is obvious from context or has been mentioned recently and is far from the speaker and the audience.
luas- obvious-
Obvious, salient, clear, hard to overlook; something an agent realizes without needing to pay attention.
luati- voluntary-
Voluntary, deliberate, not accidental.
luaxa- perception-
Perception, information as received (rather than as it is). Compare holi- (measurement-), a more specific word.
luce- stem-
Stem or trunk of a plant.
lucu- table-
Table, counter.
luei- drawer-
Drawer, a container that moves as a whole to open and close.
-luf- -front-
A space in front of what the root identifies.
lugulu- volcano-
Volcano.
luhi- cart-
Cart, an unpowered land vehicle, moved by an outside force. For example, a horse-drawn wagon, a wheelbarrow.
luhon- regret-
A feeling of regret.
luhuo- alcohol-
Alcohol, any chemical alcohol.
-lui- -group-
A group whose members are described by the root. Tree+group- means grove or forest. Compare uspo- (collection-).
luifa- loop-
A looped filament, something having the shape of a loop.
lukoa- automaton-
An automaton, a onpe- (actor-) which reacts to information from the outside world but is not taken to have goals of its own.
-lul- -too-much-
Too much, excess, in an amount or to a degree so great that it interferes with some purpose.
lulut- solution-
A chemical solution.
lunse- stringed-instrument-
Stringed instrument, guitar, violin, piano, etc. A lafhu- (musical-instrument-).
-luo -measure
Subordinating inflection. The subordinate is some measure of the head, such as its quantity or length; an amount or degree, as degree of blueness.
3luo guia
3+measure fish+same
three fish
luo- sum-
The sum of a collection of numbers: a+b.
lupa- matter-
Matter, material.
lupapa- saddle-
Saddle-shaped.
lusuf- scrape-
Scraping.
lut goodbye
A conversation management word to express parting, or to mark the exit or invite the exit of a participant in the conversation.
lut- decreasing-
Increasing, going down over time in some dimension.
lutko- buy-
To buy, to purchase, to acquire in trade (not necessarily an object; perhaps a situation).
luuan- lover-
Lover, boyfriend, girlfriend, mistress, spouse, etc.
luxag- droplet-
A droplet of liquid surrounded by another substance.
-na- -not-
Negate the sense of the word.
hotanna-
stressed+not-
any feeling other than stress.
naf- moment-
A moment, an instant, a point or very short interval of time.
nani- echinoderm-
An echinoderm. A cladistic term.
nano- nano-
The number 10^-9.
nasu- cheese-
Cheese.
nate- acceptance-
A feeling of acceptance or satisfaction; it's good enough.
neg- hearing-
To hear; hearing.
neho- ritual-
A ritual, rite, ceremony; a repeated pouho- (cultural-practice-) with a specific cultural purpose. Reading an arrested suspect their Miranda rights is an American neho-.
neka- mega-
The number 10^6.
neti- hard-working-
Something that is working hard, or is hard-working, industrious, not lazy.
-ni- -after-
A time after the time that the root identifies.
nif- north-
North in direction, or northern as a location.
nifxe- noble-
A noble, according to some fifhe- (culture-).
niklo- micro-
The number 10^-6.
niku- oxygen-
Oxygen.
nila- celestial-body-
A celestial body.
nili- milli-
The number 10^-3.
-nin- -the-most-
Turn a scale into a superlative: The most of this.
Gufanxe pa xitninxu.
Ball+whole belief red+the-most+part.
This ball is the reddest (of some group).
Kuhuhe pa xitninluo gufanhigpe.
Cavity+place belief red+the-most+measure ball+this+exist.
This ball is the reddest one in the pit.
nit- up-
Upward, a direction, or up, a location.
nittel- meter-
One meter in length.
-on- -small-
A small amount, or a small number.
noca- chest-
Chest, the body part.
nofas- pocket-
Pocket, storage closet, an attached or built-in container.
noku- prismatic-
Prismatic in shape, a rod with flat sides.
nol- mole-
One mole in quantity.
-nu- -before-
A time before the time that the root identifies.
nuf- south-
South in direction or southern as a location.
-nun- -the-least-
Turn a scale into a superlative: The least of this.
nuna- policy-
A policy, procedures or standing decisions about how to behave. Compare pouho- (cultural-practice-).
nuso- payment-
A payment of a huif- (cost-).
nut- down-
Downward, a direction, or down, a location.
nuti- ridged-
Ridged in texture.
-o -subordinate
Special suffix that can be added only after a coordinating inflection, converting it to a subordinating inflection.
o- food-
Food, solids to eat.
oa- click-
Click, a quiet short sound.
oaaf- operating-control-
A control for operating a machine; a switch, pushbutton, joystick, steering wheel, microphone for voice control, etc.
oagta- niece-nephew-
A niece or nephew.
oahe- sugar-
Sugar, any chemical sugar.
oapaha- clade-
A clade, the set of all hapaea- (replica-)'s descended ultimately from a single parent puxef- (template-), which is also clade member. In case of gene exchange, this is not necessarily a well-defined notion, but it's still useful.
oapu- amplified-
Amplified hiolu- (signal-), a signal which is made louder or clearer, or otherwise improved.
-oce- -despised-
Despised, poorly regarded.
oe- brown-
Brown in color.
oeli- scratch-
A scratch, a aeiti- (groove-) made by scratching or gouging, such as a furrow in a plowed field.
of- i-
I, the speaker.
ofigi- column-
Support column, leg, stilt, etc.
ofko- mine-
An action taken to secure a natural resource; to mine, draw from a well, generate electricity using a solar panel, etc.
ofxa- shelf-
Shelf.
oga- ordered-set-
An ordered set, a set whose members can be lined up in an order.
ogi- vision-
Sight; to see; vision.
ogpa- device-
A device, machine.
ogti- non-zero-
A non-zero number or value.
-oh- -somewhat-
To some degree; somewhat.
ohapi- thumb-
Thumb or big toe, or homologous body part.
ohas- storm-
Storm, severe weather, or more generally any brief adverse natural event.
ohe realis
An objective divider claiming that the sentence is objectively true, or was objectively true. It can only be used for claims about the present and the past, on the grounds that the future cannot be objectively known.
ohih- contents-
Contents of a saetin- (container-), including the cargo of a kou- (carrier-).
ohite- gossip-
Gossip.
-oho -per
Subordinating inflection. The subordinate and the head are both units, and the whole is the quotient of the units.
sekkontaoho 3nittelluo hoa
second+per 3+meter+measure it+same
three meters per second
oho- river-
River.
ohoxo- cognition-
Cognition, reasoning, rational thought, deductive inference, "left brain" operation.
ohoxopo-
cognition+opposite-
intuition, hunches, guesswork, inductive inference, "right brain" operation
ohug- robe-
Robe, dress, full-body garment.
oie- medium-
Medium, surrounding matrix.
oif- cantilever-
Cantilever, horizontal support fastened at one end or edge.
oilei- frame-
In the shape of a framework, having spaces between elongated members, like a frame or skeleton.
oipa- lead-
Lead.
oititu- proof-
Proof or mathematical derivation; incontrovertible evidence.
okau- peg-
Peg, pin, nail, bolt, staple; a fastener which fastens by sticking through.
okon- oil-
Oil.
oku- useful-
Useful, valuable for achieving some goal.
ola- door-
Access hole, doorway, gate, hatchway--the opening itself, not the closure. Compare uci- (hatch-).
olasu- gravity-
Gravity, a gravitational field.
olef- shortage-
The shortage, the amount or quantity of some resource necessary to achieve a goal which is not available.
olefpo-
shortage+opposite-
excess
olot- bivalve-
A bivalve mollusk. A cladistic term.
olu- elongated-
Elongated in shape, with length much greater than width.
olua- armor-
Armor, protective covering.
onhu- annelid-
An annelid worm. A cladistic term.
onkaf- absent-
Absent or missing; without a property or object, an object which does not exist at a given place, an event that does not occur during a given time period, etc.
onli- pest-
Pest, an unwanted houhui- (self-replicator-), such as a disease organism or a weed.
onlo- product-
A product or result in a generalize sense: The outcome of an event.
onpe- actor-
An object or phenomenon which is taken as a physical cause of actions (events of change), as in "the sun burned my skin".
onsat- chocolate-
Chocolate.
onxu- wheel-
Wheel, a rotating working part; a hisiu- (component-).
oot- salt-
Salt, any chemical salt.
opaca- envious-
A feeling of envy.
opan- saliva-
Saliva.
opet- curiousity-
Curiousity, desire to know.
opi- plate-
A plate, a board, a louxi- (tile-) which is rigid.
opipu- coat-
Coat, jacket, sweater, clothing for warmth.
opo- mouth-
Mouth, the body part.
opug- songbird-
A songbird. Not a cladistic term.
opui- card-
A louxi- (tile-) which is polygonal.
osalaf- precipitation-
Atmospheric precipitation, rain or snow.
ose- floor-
Floor, a wide flat horizontal support.
osof- bovid-
Bovid, such as antelope, cow, goat, sheep. A cladistic term.
osotu- scaly-
Scale, scaly, as a snake.
osso- juice-
Juice.
osu- statement-
A statement, claim.
ot yuck
An exclamation expressing disgust.
ot- eight-
The number 8.
ota- biological-
Something biological in nature or origin; for example, a living thing, wood, a sea shell, a protein.
otae- salamander-
A salamander or newt. A cladistic term.
otha- reflect-
To reflect.
othe- manage-
To manage or organize, to influence or control events with a goal in mind.
otin- glue-
Glue, adhesive, solder, weld melt, as a fastener.
otoapa- fastener-
Fastener, an object or material for physically joining things.
otpu- set-element-
An element of a set.
ottoa- official-document-
An official document of any kind, recording or conveying information.
ou- move-
To move in any way, including ti- change of location, ta- change of shape, tu- rotation, tallo- flow.
ounti- land-vehicle-
Land vehicle.
ouo- accessible-
Accessible, in reach, available to an agent for -seo (-have), if necessary, perhaps with the expenditure of resources.
ouolu- political-
Anything political, having to do with politics in the general sense of collective decision-making.
ouxu- ouxu-
Of or pertaining to Ouxu or its associated culture.
oxag- success-
A successful goal, a success, an achievement.
upuhaoxag-
subgoal+success-
a milestone, a successful subgoal
oxia- information-
Information in general.
oxin- moss-
A moss. A cladistic term.
-oxo- -continuous-
True continuously over some period.
oxupa- gene-
The code of a houhui- (self-replicator-), as opposed to its processor or substrate. For a computer virus, this may be the entire thing. For a biological organism, it may include genetic and epigenetic information.
oxus- achievement-
An achievement, a success, a situation achieved by deliberate action of an agent.
pa belief
Belief topic divider. This is the weakest, vaguest divider, which means only that the speaker believes what they're saying. Use this divider when the choice is unimportant.
pa- gray-
Gray in color.
paa- set-
A set or collection, such as a mathematical set.
paafu- drifting-
To drift, moved by prevailing flows or ambient forces.
pacon- smirk-
A smirk, to smirk; an expression of social superiority.
paegi- bridge-
Bridge, a path lifted above the surface.
paeo- nut-
Nut of a plant.
pafhe- hill-
A hill or mountain, a rise in the terrain.
pafla- question-
A question or request for information.
pafti- worried-
A feeling of worry.
-pagku- -culturally-
Something culturally related to the root.
pahpa- command-
A suggestion, request, or command. This is not for giving commands, it is for talking about them.
pahpaeh-
command+very-
command
pahpaah-
command+moderately-
request
pahpauh-
command+slightly-
suggestion
pahu- location-
A location, a place.
pai- work-
Work, the event of expending resources to achieve a goal. The worker that it spending the resources does not necessarily share the goal; it might be only an automaton, for example.
-paka- -across-
The direction, or a trajectory or movement, across or over the surface of the space that the root identifies.
pake- handle-
Handle, an attached part for grasping.
palet- bat-
A bat. A cladistic term.
pan- child-
A child, an immature system, not fully developed or completed.
-panfe- -edge-of-
A space at the edge, border, side of what the root identifies.
panxa- part-of-object-
A part of a physical object.
paoaha- language-
Language, coding system, a rule-based means of encoding information so that it can be decoded again (perhaps imperfectly).
paot- distance-
Distance, as distance between two points.
paotog- elastic-
Elastic, flexible and tending to return to its original shape when force is released.
papac- pungent-
Pungent, spicy, vivid, brilliant, strong and striking to the senses.
papahae- electron-
An electron.
papie- vomit-
Vomiting, or something that is vomiting.
pasef- joiner-
A tool for joining objects, including not only fasteners [like screws], but also tools for fastening [like screwdrivers].
pashai- vertebrate-
A vertebrate. A cladistic term.
-paso -times
Subordinating inflection. The subordinate and the head are both units, and the whole is the product of the units.
3nittelpaso sekkontaluo hoa
3+meter+times second+measure it+same
three meter-seconds
paso- hair-
Hair.
patau- friend-
A friend.
pauti- bracket-
A bracket, a fastener or support which is itself attached to another support.
paxaha- apology-
An apology. This is for talking about apologies, not for making them; compare tun (sorry).
paxi- parent-
A parent, mother or father.
paxiu- molecule-
A molecule.
-pe -exist
Coordinating inflection. Something that exists or is the case, within the domain of the sentence.
Rain+exist.
Uipe.
It's raining.
pe- six-
The number 6.
pea- height-
Height, vertical size, the distance between the lowest to highest points of a shape.
peahapa- alloy-
Alloy, a mixed metal.
peahe- synergy-
Synergy, a set of goals that interact synergistically, so that achieving one aids achieving another.
peapiu- kidney-
Kidney.
peasaf- intestine-
Intestine.
pefhu- girder-
A girder, an elongated support element for part of a pixot- (framework-), such as a bone.
pefi- slide-
To slide across a surface, to skid, to shuffle.
pefia- island-
An island, a land mass surrounded by water.
pefxa- experimental-
Experimental information, information gathered by manipulating the real world. Compare utesa- (analysis-), losou- (communicated-), puhata- (sensed-).
Eaea pefxaa.
Learned+same experimental+same.
Learn by doing.
pegeg- dispute-
Dispute, disagreement.
kekopegeg-
law+dispute-
lawsuit
-peha -vocative
Coordinating inflection. Identify the addressee.
pehan- smart-
Smart, intelligent, clever, wise, a good decision maker.
pehanpo-
smart+opposite-
stupid, foolish
peif- straight-
Straight, elongated and straight, not pointy or jagged.
peiu- fuel-
Fuel, something which is consumed or used up to produce or convert energy for use. For example, the charge in a battery.
peka- cooked-
Cooked, cooking, heating for effect.
pele- stretch-
To stretch out, to increase in length.
pelot- wavelength-
Wavelength, in the physics sense.
pen- baby-
A baby, an infant still dependent on care, a system which has been brought into existence but is not yet independently usable, requiring further development, whether on its own, as a baby, or by the work of agents; the frame of the house is up, but you can't live there yet. Note that many organisms do not go through this stage.
penci- granular-
Granular, made up of grains, such as salt or sand.
peon- startling-
Something so strongly or suddenly surprising that is causes an involuntary startle reaction.
peput- affix-
Affix, a morpheme that cannot stand on its own as a word.
pesapa- diffract-
To diffract.
petin- curtain-
Curtain, eyelid; light-blocking cover.
petta- peta-
The number 10^15.
petuo- architecture-
An abstract, high-level cieg- (model-); a model which leaves out details.
petuopo-
architecture+opposite-
a detailed model, a blueprint
peue- response-
A response or reply, return communication. Compare enso- (answer-).
pi desire
Emotional topic divider for all forms of desire, including wanting, wishing, hope, faith. Opposite: pu (fear).
pi- white-
White in color.
pia iff
A conjunction meaning if and only if: Either all are true or all are false.
-pie -aside
Coordinating inflection. Something mentioned as an aside, like a parenthetical remark, not necessarily related to the rest of the sentence.
pieso- visible-
Visible.
pifa- damaged-
Damaged or injured, not in its ideal condition.
pifso- sound-
Sound, the physical phenomenon.
-pig- -inside-
A space inside what the root identifies.
-pigu- -possible-
Something that could be the root.
alopigu-
human+possible-
a possible human
pihiti- echolocation-
Echolocation, to sense or detect things by the echoes of deliberately emitted waves. This commonly means sonar or radar, but other kinds are possible.
pihoa- meaningful-
Meaningful, bearing meaning (at least to somebody).
pii- zero-
The number 0.
piki- seed-
Seed of a plant, or reproductive spore.
pikko- pico-
The number 10^-12.
pileu- dance-
Dance, body movement aut- (art-).
pilug- growing-
Growing, like a living thing.
pin- embryo-
Embryo, seed, a system for which preparatory conditions are satisfied, but which has not yet been completed; "germ" in "I conceived the germ of an idea."
-pinli- -typical-
A typical one.
pinlipo
typical+opposite-
a strange one
-pio- -dear-
Dear, emotionally important.
pioha- square-
A square, square in shape.
piou- ingroup-
The ingroup, the context-sensitive group which an agent takes itself as belonging to in a given interaction or for a given purpose. Humans normally privilege the ingroup over the outgroup, but what counts as the ingroup varies depending on who you're interacting with and in what role--it may be your family, town, country, friends, co-workers, etc.
pioupo-
ingroup+opposite-
outgroup
pipape- continent-
A continent, a large land mass.
pipei- dizzy-
Dizzy, as a perception.
pipitu- praise-
Praise; to praise or speek well of.
pipitupo-
praise+opposite-
disparagement
-pit- -extremely-
To the greatest possible degree.
Pa xitpitluo gufanhiga.
Belief red+extreme+measure ball+this+same.
This ball is the reddest possible.
pitha- switch-
Switch, an oaaf- (operating-control-) to indicate one of two or more discrete operating states, such as on or off or a TV channel.
piuau- infinite-
Infinity, the number; infinite in some property, such as extent.
pius- approximate-
Approximate, about, perhaps not true but not far off.
pixot- framework-
Framework, a structure of support elements. For an animal, the skeleton.
-po- -opposite-
Convert the word to its opposite.
hotanpo-
stressed+opposite-
relaxed
poaka- idea-
The information aspect of a system as abstracted from any physical implementation, such as a mind. Compare xule- (body-). A running computer program is a poaka-, and it's the same one no matter what computer it's running on. The information conveyed by a book is its poaka-. Compare xoasa- (mind-).
poautu- mesa-
A mesa, a rise with a flat top.
poe roger
A conversation management word that says you've heard and understood what you were told, similarly to "roger" in a radio conversation.
poe- puddle-
Puddle, a temporary fresh body of water (of any size).
poepu- failure-
Failure, attempting and not achieving a goal.
pogfa- label-
Label, tag, legend, caption, explanatory or identifying information.
pohao- expression-
An expression, something expressed in some paoaha- (language-).
pohin- knob-
Knob, slider, wheel, a oaaf- (operating-control-) to indicate a value.
poiha- office-
Office, where information work is done. Also classroom, computer room, etc.
pois- potential-
Something that has the potential to exist or be the case, in the sense that if circumstances are appropriate it will occur.
pokaf- tooth-
Tooth, gizzard stone, radula, etc.; hard body part for food processing.
polog- entertainment-show-
A play, a show, a performance, a short-term event for entertainment or thought. Compare agii- (museum-).
-pon -or
Subordinating inflection. The subordinate or the head holds. This can be used in a sequence to disjoin multiple items.
pon- adult-
An adult, a mature system, fully developed, finished, completed.
pona- exception-
An exception to a rule.
ponfuf- ridicule-
Ridicule; to ridicule or make fun of.
ponfufpo-
ridicule+opposite-
take seriously
poo- ant-
An ant. A cladistic term.
pope- horse-
Perissodactyl, a horse, zebra, rhinoceros, etc. A cladistic term.
posan- contingency-
A contingency affecting some goal, unknown or unexpected and relevant information or events. A contingency may be useful, harmful, or neutral.
potu- bong-
Bong, a sound which starts suddenly and dies away.
potupo-
bong+opposite-
a sound which builds up then suddenly stops
poua wilco
A conversation management word that says you've understood and will comply with what you were told, similarly to "roger wilco" in a radio conversation. You may be obeying a command or only agreeing to a suggestion.
pouho- cultural-practice-
Cultural practice, a shared practice or habit of a fifhe- (culture-). Compare neho- (ritual-).
pous- pleased-
A feeling of pleasure or delight in something; it is beautiful, delicious, etc. Compare hopef- (appreciative-).
poxoa- lowercase-
A lowercase letter of the alphabet.
-pu -change-by
Coordinating inflection. The amount or degree of change from a former situation to a new situation.
Pa exifluoapa 10selsiuspu.
Belief hot+measure+change-in 10+celsius+change-by.
The temperature went up ten degrees.
pu fear
Emotional topic divider for all forms of fear, including nervousness, worry, terror. Opposite: pi (desire).
pu- black-
Black in color.
puca- vegetable-
Vegetable, any edible plant part.
pueio- heterotroph-
A heterotroph, an organism that makes its living, at least in part, from other organisms. For example, an animal.
pueiopo-
heterotroph+opposite-
autotroph
puepe- coal-
Coal.
pufcu- impress-
A compressing or indenting force.
pufo- robust-
Robust, strong, resistant to fracture and bending.
-pug- -outside-
A space outside what the root identifies.
puha if
A conjunction meaning logical if or implies: If the first is true, then the second is also true. If the first is not true, nothing is said of the second.
puhan- ink-
Ink, paint.
puhata- sensed-
Sensed information, information from senses or measurement devices. Compare utesa- (analysis-), pefxa- (experimental-), losou- (communicated-).
puhe- knife-
Knife, saw, scissors, cutting tool.
puhsa- refract-
To refract a wave.
pui- fence-
Fence, cordon, rim, contained to the sides (possibly with gaps).
puien- collar-
A collar shape, a ring or torus around something.
pukopo- radiation-
Radiation.
pukui- liver-
Liver, the organ.
pulun- painting-
Painting, artistic photography; visual aut- (art-).
pun- oldster-
Senescent, showing deterioration due to old age; a system in which breakdowns exceed repairs due to deterioration.
punlo- ongoing-cause-
On ongoing cause, a cause that operates repeatedly or continuously over time rather than at a point in time or during a short interval.
punpua- address-
Address: Street address, computer memory address, other naming systems for identifying a real or metaphorical location.
puohi- tribe-
Tribe, band, gang; a fifhe- (culture-) whose members see themselves as unified, and who work together for common goals.
puot- collision-
A collision or hit.
puou- hammer-
Hammer, a striking tool. The purpose of the tool is not part of this word's meaning, only its means of operation.
pupit- basket-
Basket, handbag, briefcase, backpack, a carryable container with a handle or strap.
pusi- tongs-
Tongs, clamp, vise, hand, grasping or gripping tool.
-put- -not-at-all-
To the least possible degree.
putiti- wobble-
To wobble, to nutate.
puton- worn-
Worn, eroded, decayed, rotted.
putuoa- peninsula-
A peninsula, a land surface sticking out into water. The inverse is utali- (bay-).
puu- male-
Male.
puxef- template-
A template, a thing that is copied, perhaps in part and perhaps with modifications. For example, a mold, a grammar rule.
saa- angry-
A feeling of anger.
saca- woohoo-
Yahoo; something the speaker is celebrating or glad about.
sae- bird-
A bird. A cladistic term.
saetin- container-
Container, for holding ohih- (contents-).
-saf- -count-
Convert a number into a count.
12saf-
12+count-
a dozen
safun- chunky-
Chunky; showing different characteristics in three-dimensional blocks.
saga- pattern-element-
An element of a pattern, such as one note in a melody or one thread of a fabric.
sagfe- motif-
A motif, a pattern which is repeated for psychological effect, such as a tagline, a logo, poetic meter.
sagin- confusing-
Confusing, disorienting, difficult to get a mental grasp on.
sahog- algae-
Algae, any photosynthetic organism other than a vascular plant. Not a cladistic term.
sahxo- closet-
Closet, pantry, storage room.
sai cultural
Belief topic divider indicating that the sentence is an item of cultural knowledge from some culture or cultural subgroup. It may be a folk belief or a religious belief, or an inside joke shared by a small in-group, or a saying like a quote or a proverb. A typical English translation is "people say that...."
sakao- impossible-
An impossible goal, a goal that cannot be accomplished no matter what. Compare iefe- (possible-), halau- (feasible-).
sala- proprioception-
Proprioception, the senses of body orientation, joint configuration, and the like.
sanhu- sock-
Sock.
saoli- chelicerate-
A chelicerate. A cladistic term.
saot- sudden-
Sudden, occurring in a short time. Not necessarily surprising.
sapaf- the-moon-
The moon.
sasafas- atom-
An atom.
-satet- -plural-
Mark the word as plural: It is discrete (not continuous), and there is more than one of it.
satli- sand-
Sand.
sato- feel-
Feeling, the sense of touch.
saupu- angle-
Angle, degree of curvature, a measure of sharpness. Compare igua- (subtended-). See also huftu- (sharp-).
saupuno-
angle+small-
acute angle, sharp point
se question
A sentence modifier for questions. This turns a plain statement into a yes/no question. It is also optionally used to mark sentences that are questions because they use -te-, the derivational suffix for questions.
seaf- nonempty-set-
A nonempty set, a set with at least one member.
seati- reference-frame-
A reference frame for making measurements or estimates. Compare sile- (landmark-).
seg- soil-
Soil, dirt, regolith.
sehae- pollen-
Pollen of a plant.
seilu- tie-
Tie, string or strap to bundle contents together.
seki- valley-
A valley, a low area in the terrain.
sekkonta- second-
One second in duration.
selsius- celsius-
One degree celsius in temperature.
senfe- correspondence-
Correspondence, correlation, a connection between events that may or may not be due to a common cause. See kasato- (coincidence-) and taiaf- (common-cause-).
seno- artiodactyl-
Artiodactyl, an even-toed ungulate or cloven-hoofed mammal. For example, deer, giraffe, goat, pig, sheep. A cladistic term.
sensa- hole-
A hole that goes all the way through a shape. For a dent, see kuhu- (cavity-).
senti- centi-
The number 10^-2.
-seo -have
Subordinating inflection. The subordinate has some form of control over the head. This could be legal ownership (legal control), holding in the hand (immediate physical control), employer-employee relationship, etc. The subordinate should be an agent (a fua-). This is similar to "have" or the possessive "'s" in English.
-seo- -important-
Emphasize the word as important in some way.
seosa- brachiopod-
A brachiopod. A cladistic term.
sepoa- equal-
Equal or equivalent in some quality. Compare -tit (-equal).
sepu- volume-
Volume, a measure of three-dimensional extent.
setlu- recognized-
Something recognized, perhaps by book knowledge. hoge- (familiar-with-) is more specific.
-sif- -gathered-
A collection of things gathered together, a heap, an array.
sifat- situation-
A situation, a state of affairs, the way things are.
sifeg- alkane-
Alkane.
1sifeg-
1+alkane-
methane, natural gas
2sifeg-
2+alkane-
ethane
3sifeg-
3+alkane-
propane
4sifeg-
4+alkane-
butane
9piussifeg-
9+approximate+alkane-
gasoline
13piussifeg-
13+approximate+alkane-
kerosine
sifha- pink-
Pink in color.
sifke- trunk-
Trunk, bureau, chest, furniture-sized container.
siko- fruit-
Fruit.
sile- landmark-
A landmark, reference point or reference line, line of longitude or latitude, coordinate axis, reference mass or frequency, etc., time tick; a sample used as a reference for measurement or estimation. Compare sipihi- (zero-point-), seati- (reference-frame-), -haa (-viewpoint).
-sin- -first-
The first element of a collection.
sinhi- skin-
Skin, bark, cell membrane, cell wall; the surface covering of any living thing.
sinlo- standing-
Standing up, posed with the long axis near vertical.
sioi- tree-
A tree. Not a cladistic term.
sipihi- zero-point-
The zero point of a scale. For example, the year 1 is the zero point of the Gregorian calendar.
sipio- abstract-
Something abstract or high-level, lacking in specificity or detail: An archetype, a strategic plan, etc.
-sit- -kind-of-
The kind of the root; consider the root to be a token, and take the meaning to be the type of that token.
alosit-
human+kind-of-
the human species
agfisit-
afraid+kind-of-
the kind that's afraid
sitin- local-
Local, of the milieu, characteristic of the region.
siu- butter-
Butter.
sixun- evidence-
Evidence, support for some claim. Compare oititu- (proof-).
Ili icoehiga sixuna.
Immediate document+this+same evidence+same.
This document is evidence for it.
sixunpo-
evidence+opposite-
evidence against
sixunceo-
evidence+neutrally-
non-evidence, irrelevant information
-so -attribute
Subordinating inflection. The subordinate is an attribute or quality of the head. As a clause ender, this can often be translated as "such that".
so yikes
An exclamation expressing fear or observing danger.
so- romantic-love-
A feeling of romantic love.
soa unreliable
Belief topic divider indicating that the sentence may be unreliable. There exists reason to believe it, but the reason may be poorly remembered or have been poorly perceived in the first place, or the sentence may be so unlikely in itself that reasons to believe it should not be trusted.
soaihu- keyboard-instrument-
Keyboard, an instrument actuated by pressing keys, no matter how the sound is produced. A lafhu- (musical-instrument-).
-socug- -measure-
A scale on which the quality is measured.
pehansocug-
smart+measure-
IQ
-soen- -team-
A team whose members are described by the root. Teams have a common goal that the members all work toward. A typical school of fish is a team, because the fish act together to deter predation. Compare -lui- (-group-).
soeu- entreaty-
Entreaty, begging, a request admittedly made without social standing.
sofa- curved-
Curved in shape, elongated and with a smooth curve in its natural axis.
soffu- point-
A point, as a point in space or a point of time.
sohe- ten-to-the-power-
Power of ten: 10^a.
sohopa- axle-
Axle, axial support for a wheel; a hisiu- (component-).
soko- crime-
Crime, violation of law or morality.
soo- waste-
Waste, the waste product of a process.
soogetet
waste+large+cause
something wasteful
souf- letter-
A letter of the alphabet, or other content-bearing writing character.
suaes- horn-
Horn, tusk, claw, spike, thorn; a hard pointy external part of an organism.
suapo- striped-
Striped; showing different characteristics in two-dimensional striped areas.
sucat- shape-
A physical shape. Anything with a location has a shape, but abstractions like "triangle" have a shape too ("triangular").
sucig- music-
Music, sound aut- (art-).
sue- friend-love-
A feeling of love for a friend or friends.
-suf- -scattered-
A collection of things scattered or distributed.
sufau- chemical-
Any chemical material.
sufho- bear-
A bear. A cladistic term.
sufku- description-
Description, information which describes, depicts, portrays something; it conveys truths, directly or indirectly, though it is not necessarily literally true itself. A painting may be a sufku- of an event even though if it has little superficial accuracy.
sugki- to-the-power-
Exponentiation: a^b.
sugpa- throat-
Throat, the body part.
suha- beautiful-
Beautiful, pretty, appealing to the senses, good to look at, to taste, etc. Compare kao- (delightful-).
suif- wedge-
In the shape of a wedge.
suihi- tin-
Tin, the metal.
sulu- powder-
Powdery, made up of very small grains.
-sun- -last-
The last element of a collection.
suof- beetle-
A beetle. A cladistic term.
suosu- universe-
The universe, the cosmos, everything.
supe- write-
To write, written.
supia- television-
Television, video, window, a tool for transmitting vision.
susog- ology-
A science, a scholarly domain.
susua- support-
A support, a supporting object to hold another in place against some force.
-sut- -example-of-
An example of the root; consider the root to be a type, and take the meaning to be a token of that type. Compare -le- (-indefinite-).
sutpof- gear-
Gear, wheel for transmitting and/or transforming movements; a hisiu- (component-).
sutsa- copulation-
Copulation.
suu- weep-
Weeping, crying, or a person who is weeping.
-ta -agent
Coordinating inflection. The agent of the sentence. The agent has a goal, and the sentence expresses an attempt to achieve the goal. Compare -et (-cause).
ta- change-shape-
To change shape over time.
taa- bored-
A feeling of boredom.
taape- hotel-
Hotel, apartments, rented places to live.
tacu- country-
Country, nation.
taehu- chalk-
Chalk, as a material.
taepa- metal-
Metal, any metallic material.
taetao- lymphatic-system-
Lymphatic system or a part of it.
tafae- chew-
Chewing, or something that is chewing.
tagof- obeyed-
A goal delegated by one agent and accepted or obeyed by another.
tagpo- party-
A party, a social entertainment event.
tahalu- belt-
Belt, cummerbund, around-the-middle clothing.
tahea- controller-
Controller, a part controlling or affecting the operation of other parts; a hisiu- (component-).
tahig- crop-
An organism raised for food, such as a crop plant or cattle raised for meat.
tahili- vascular-plant-
A vascular plant. A cladistic term.
taiaf- common-cause-
A common cause of a set of events. Compare kasato- (coincidence-).
taiui- computer-
Computer, brain, tool for information processing.
takkat- cricket-
Orthopteran, a cricket, grasshopper, locust, etc. A cladistic term.
tallo- flow-
To flow, as a fluid.
taluf- cut-
Cutting (not necessarily all the way through).
taluo- vary-
Varying, changing with time. Compare itesu- (change-).
tane- goal-
A goal, desire, wish, want.
tanhaf- animal-
An animal, a metazoan. A cladistic term.
tanta- cautious-
A feeling of caution about something; it is risky or will require careful action.
tantapo-
cautious+opposite-
brave, courageous, risk-taking
taoha- furniture-
Furniture.
tapaka- formula-
A formula, as a chemical formula or a mathematical formula.
tapi- night-
Night.
taposu- sessile-
A sessile organism, such as a plant or a mussel. Not a cladistic term.
tasas- simple-
Simple, not complicated.
tasu story
Belief topic divider indicating that the sentence is second-hand knowledge, heard from somebody else. It may be a personal anecdote or a culturally-known story. In the second case sai (cultural) would also be a correct divider.
tat oh
An exclamation expressing surprise or sudden observation.
tat- sheet-
A sheet, a plate, a shape which is much longer in length and width than in thickness or depth.
tatce- field-
A field, an open area of terrain.
tatfa- birth-
Birth of a baby, laying of an egg, etc.
tatoi- rail-
A linear support such as a rail, bar, or beam. For example, a handrail, a railroad rail.
tatsu- snake-
A snake. A cladistic term.
tau- daytime-
Daytime.
-te- -question-
Mark the word as a question word. You are asking for more information about the word, or a more specific word that also makes the sentence true. Compare -tete- (-dubitative-).
teao- pump-
Pump, a tool for moving fluid. For example, a bucket in a bucket brigade.
tehes- jealous-
A feeling of romantic or sexual jealousy.
tei- duration-
A duration of time.
teii- eternity-
Eternity, all of time.
tekka- deca-
The number 10.
tekli- degree-
One degree in angle.
tela- tera-
The number 10^12.
ten- they-
They, person or persons neither you nor I.
tenxu- crystal-
Crystal, any crystalline material.
tepa- trade-
A trade, an exchange where two or more agents satisfy each other's goals.
tessi- deci-
The number 10^-1.
-tete- -dubitative-
Mark the word as a dubitative question word. A dubitative question is one that you don't really expect to be answered. For an ordinary question, see -te- (-question-).
teti hey
A conversation management word to call attention to yourself.
tetof- glowing-
Glowing, emitting radiation (usually light). Compare asao- (emit-).
teut- oscillating-
Oscillating, repeatedly increasing and decreasing in some dimension.
texan- tapering-
Tapering in shape, elongated and tapered so that one end is thicker than the other.
ti- change-location-
To change location over time.
tia- jagged-
Jagged in shape, elongated and includes a sharp angle in its natural axis.
tiaca- secret-
Private information, a secret kept to a restricted circle.
ticxa- cylindrical-
Cylindrical in shape.
tie- annoyed-
A feeling of annoyance.
tifo- clock-month-
A calendar month.
-tig- -all-
All of them, or all of it.
tihof- iron-
Iron, the chemical element.
tiin- sauce-
Sauce, liquid to put on food.
-til- -into-
The direction, or a trajectory or movement, into the space that the root identifies.
tilipa- commensal-
A commensal organism, a symbiote.
tin thanks
A conversation management word to express thanks or gratitude.
tinig- camp-
A camp, a temporary home or staying place.
tinpa- vent-
Vent, intake, exhaust, nose, a port for transfer of fluid between the system and its environment; a hisiu- (component-).
tinu- edge-
An outward-pointing edge, where two sides meet more or less sharply.
tinupo-
edge+opposite-
an inward pointing edge, such as the edge where the floor meets the wall.
tios- head-
Head, or a forward gofi- (limb-).
-tip- -always-
Always true, true for all time (or all the time that matters).
tipaha- hang-
Hanging, dangling, suspended.
tipau- message-
Message, communicated information, encoded information which is transmitted or recorded.
-tit -equal
Coordinating inflection. If two or more words end with this inflection in the sentence, then the words are taken as referring to equivalent things. They may be different, but they can be treated as the same for some intended purpose. Compare -a (-same), -tut (-not-equal).
tita- quote-
Mark the end of a direct quotation. This root is a syntactic special case, because it must be the first morpheme after a quote, and is not allowed anywhere else.
titpi- firm-
Firm, stiff, rigid, resistant to pressure and bending. Compare ikipi- (hard-).
tittu- relaxed-
A feeling of relaxation.
tiua- butt-
Hindquarters of an animal.
tiutu- marsupial-
A marsupial. A cladistic term.
tixi- high-pitched-
A sound that is high in pitch.
toa- having-fun-
A feeling of having fun, being entertained.
toaei- hydrocarbon-
Hydrocarbon, any chemical hydrocarbon.
tofif- root-
Root of a plant.
togun- time-sequence-
A time sequence, a collection of items in order from earlier to later.
toho- three-
The number 3.
toi- shovel-
Shovel, earthmover, a tool for moving earth or other granular materials.
toise- chemical-element-
A chemical element.
3toise-
3+element-
lithium
tokef- fin-
Fin, wing, propellor; a limb for controlling or taking mechanical advantage of flowing fluid. Compare apaki- (sail-).
tolas- rope-
Rope, string, cable, wire, tendon, an elongated flexible object which is relatively strong in tension, compared to bending. Compare iaihi- (gooseneck-).
toloe- teletype-
Teletype, e-mail, printing, a tool for transmitting writing.
tonlu- scales-
Scales, any surface covering of plates attached on their broad sides.
tonso- periodical-
Recorded information which is issued periorically (as a magazine) or continually updated (as an active web site).
tot- intend-or-expect-
Something intended or expected to occur. (If you're an English speaker, this word is probably more useful than you realize.)
tota- remainder-
The remainder of dividing two integers.
totha- detectable-
Something detectable or perceptible.
toti- everywhere-
Everywhere, all locations.
totpac- lightning-
Lightning.
toui- photosynthesizer-
A photosynthetic organism. Not a cladistic term.
toxe- history-
A cieg- (model-) of something's history.
kihpihitilo toxea
radio+echolocation+of history+same
the history of radar
toxepo-
history+opposite-
future history
tu- rotate-
To rotate, to change orientation over time; to swing, wag, wave, etc.
tuag- flowering-plant-
A flowering plant. A cladistic term.
tuala- mail-
Mail; any established system of transferring information or objects, including e-mail.
tuco- proportion-
A proportion. See also the derivational suffixes for specifying proportions.
-tug- -none-
None of them, or none of it.
tugan- pig-
A hog or pig. A cladistic term.
tuhuku- saprophyte-
A saprophyte, such as a fungus. Not a cladistic term.
-tul- -out-of-
The direction, or a trajectory or movement, out of the space that the root identifies.
tuli- frequency-
The frequency of a periodic event, such as the pitch of a sound or the rate at which a magazine comes out.
tulot- corroded-
Corroded, for example, rusty.
tun sorry
A conversation management word to express regret, similarly to "I'm sorry about that". It does not express pity, "I'm sorry for you".
-tup- -never-
Never true, false for all time (or all the time that matters).
tuput- ready-
Ready to use, prepared.
tusu- foot-
Foot, foot pad, base, pedestal, foundation.
-tut -not-equal
Coordinating inflection. If two or more words end with this inflection in the sentence, then the words refer to things which are different and cannot be treated as equivalent.
tutxi- spouse-
A spouse, husband or wife.
-u- -beyond-
A space beyond what the root identifies.
u aversion
Emotional topic divider for all forms of aversion other than fear, including anger, disliking, embarrassment, irritation, disgust. Opposite: i (attraction).
-ua -goal
Coordinating inflection. The agent's goal, purpose, intent, desire in the sentence. It may be a location moved toward, an object desired, or any state of affairs sought for. Existence of a goal implies an agent, which may be expressed or implicit.
uaeta- flaw-
A flaw or error specifically in or with respect to a plan. Compare cogo- (mistake-), (blunder-).
uahat- natural-reaction-
A reaction, such as a chemical reaction. Inputs to the reaction naturally, under the reaction conditions, recombine to create a product. This word can be used to describe a self-organizing system like human language.
uai- shake-
To shake or vibrate.
uan isnt-it
A sentence modifier that tags the sentence as a rebuttable observation, similar to "isn't it?" in English.
uapen- applicable-
Applicable, relevant, at least in some context.
uasai- chord-
A chord in the mathematical sense, a line segment internal to a figure.
uaso- fluid-
Fluid, liquid or gas.
uat- watt-
One watt in power.
uau- promise-
A promise, vow, oath, an uhalo- (obligation-) which is voluntarily accepted.
uca- romantic-desire-
A feeling of romantic desire.
uci- hatch-
Window, door, hatch, a tool that serves the goal of allowing access to information or objects through an obstacle. alut- (window-) and ola- (door-) are openings; this word's meaning includes window glass and wooden doors. It also includes information means of accessing information, for example, asking questions, web browsers.
uela- verb-
A verb.
ueo- fur-
Fur, any covering of end-attached filaments, such as hair or shag carpet.
ues- home-
The place an object or event belongs, returns to, or is returned to. For example, the ues- of a spoon might be the silverware drawer. For an animal, the nest or den.
uese- soft-
Soft, flexible or yielding.
ufa- actual-
Actual, veridical, true in the real world.
ufaku- compromise-
A compromise in a general sense, a decision to substitute less- for more-important goals in attempt to reduce goal conflict.
ufate- outcast-
An outcast, according to some fifhe- (culture-).
ufe- prolonged-
Prolonged, enduring, permanent, lasting for a long time.
piuauufe-
infinite+prolonged-
eternal
ufhot- gestalt-
A gestalt, a pattern considered as a whole.
uofiufhot-
star+gestalt-
constellation
ufka- numeric-difference-
The numeric difference, the result of subtracting, one number from another: a-b.
ufla- pain-
In pain.
ufsa- property-
Property, stuff owned by some cultural standard (a legal standard is a kind of cultural standard).
-ug- -there-
At another location, not here. Restaurant+there- means that restaurant over there, or the restaurant that is there.
ugfun- impasse-
A goal or a set of goals which are in conflict; the plans made to meet them are in conflict because they have mutually contradictory preconditions, creating an impasse. The conflict may be due to competing goals of different agents, or of the same agent, or even contradictory subgoals of the same goal.
ughi- sorry-
A feeling of repentence, being sorry about; not to be confused with afio- (pitying-).
ugin- random-
Random or stochastic (with respect to some model); modeled as depending on a random variable.
uglao- explosion-
An explosion.
uguf- author-
Author, creator, designer; writer, sculptor, composer, etc. This implies deliberate, thoughtful choice.
-uh- -slightly-
To a slight degree; slightly.
Ili heua cahapouha.
Immediate cat+same alive+opposite+slightly+same.
The cat is a little bit dead.
uha- hand-
Hand, or other end-effector on an arm, such as the working end of a pair of pliers.
uhaig- line-
A line or line segment.
uhalo- obligation-
An obligation, a socially-supported goal of an agent (which may be voluntary or externally imposed).
aukauhalo-
currency+obligation-
money owed, debt
uhen- intend-
Something intended to occur or to be done.
uhief- awed-
A feeling of awe.
uhiha- chart-
Chart, diagram, map; a visually-represented message that is in part representational rather than entirely abstract. Alphabetic writing is abstract; hieroglyphic writing may be in part representational.
uhle- inferred-
Something inferred, concluded, figured out, realized, deduced, based on other information.
uhou- tunnel-
Tunnel, corridor, passage, a path beneath the surface or inside an object.
uhu- intoxicated-
Intoxicated, drunk, mentally affected by a drug.
uhuau- structure-
A large artificial object, such as a building, a ship, etc. Large means big enough to enter.
uhue- winter-
Winter season.
ui really
A sentence modifier that emphasizes that the sentence is true. It is similar to English "really" or even to the punctuation mark "!".
Ofa ili atonkafet cahanaa ui.
I+same immediate you+absent+cause alive+not+same really.
I truly can't live without you.
ui- rain-
Rain.
uiaf- weapon-
Weapon, a tool for fighting.
uiahi- naked-
Naked, bare, without some surface cover that you might expect.
uici- terrain-ridge-
A ridge, an elongated rise in the terrain.
uihau- ladder-
Ladder, stairway, fire pole, etc.; a path for vertical travel.
uiti conditional
An objective divider for sentences that are conditional, possible, or hypothetical.
uixu- porch-
Porch, patio, balcony.
ukat- sticky-
Sticky, non-slip, high-friction.
ukatpo-
sticky+opposite-
slippery, low-friction
ukife- copper-
Copper.
uko- primate-
A primate. A cladistic term.
uku uh-oh
An exclamation expressing worry, or a troubling observation.
ulas- force-
A force, in the physics sense.
ulea- understood-
Something that an agent understands, in the sense of having a mental model of it.
ulihi- molting-
Molting, like a bird or a crab.
ulit- amount-
An amount or quantity.
ulo- liquid-
Liquid, as opposed to solid, etc.
uloka- pressure-
Pressure, in the engineering sense: Force per unit area.
ululug- detritivore-
A detritivore.
ulusi- convex-
Something convex, with no indentations. Technically, it contains all its chords. "o" is convex, but "p" is not because a chord from the bottom of the figure to the rightmost edge is outside the figure.
ulut- interested-
A feeling of intellectual interest or curiousity about something. Compare hopef- (appreciative-).
-un -change-to
Coordinating inflection. A new situation, a result, a consequence; the sentence says that it comes about. If the sentence is about movement, a location arrived at, a destination reached.
Uiunun.
Rain+tiny+change-to.
It has started to drizzle.
-un- -tiny-
A tiny amount, or a tiny quantity.
unpi- let-
To let, to allow some event to occur or some situation to continue. Not the same as granting permission.
unton- summer-
Summer season.
unxo- thirsty-
Thirsty.
uo- bottom-
The bottom, the base, a surface that is expected or intended to face downward.
uoa- rim-
The rim or lip of a flat object, where it is different from the rest in some way.
uoen- reptile-
A reptile, in the broad taxonomic sense (so including birds). A cladistic term.
uofi- star-
A star.
-uohu- -repeating-
Repeatedly true.
uopag- fog-
Fog, low-level atmospheric mist.
uouo- compulsion-
Compulsion, circumstances that compel, force, mandate, require some action or the acceptance of some goal on the part of an agent.
upaiu- little-known-
Little-known, obscure; few know it, by some objective criterion. Compare lotit- (famous-).
upei- fragment-
A fragment or shard, a piece of an object that has fractured or ruptured.
upin- morally-good-
Morally or ethically good.
upinpo-
morally-good+opposite-
evil
upog- bag-
Bag, sack, soft-sided container.
upu- rodent-
A rodent. A cladistic term.
Ili ofpataua etleupusateteoa.
Immediate I+friend+same house+rodent+plural+only+same.
The mice are my only friends.
upuha- subgoal-
A subgoal, a goal necessary under some plan for achieving a greater goal. It is not necessarily a lalas- (precondition-), because other plans may also be possible.
upui generic
An objective divider for generic or universal statements, like "birds can fly" or "salt dissolves in water".
upuo- culture-member-
A member of a fifhe- (culture-).
usan- undoing-
Undoing of a change, returning to a previous state.
usi- pillow-
Pillow, cushion, thing used as a durable soft surface.
uslu- car-
Car, a self-propelled land vehicle.
uso- family-love-
A feeling of love for the family.
usoi- sculpture-
Sculpture, aut- (art-) of physical construction. Architecture is an example.
uspo- collection-
A collection, such as a set, a group, a list, a flock, etc. Compare -lui- (-group-).
ut- fall-
To fall, decline, to decrease in altitude or height.
utali- bay-
A bay, cove, inlet, a water surface sticking out into land. The inverse is putuoa- (peninsula-).
uteg- tongue-
Tongue, the body part.
utesa- analysis-
Analysis, information put together by thinking about it. Compare pefxa- (experimental-), losou- (communicated-), puhata- (sensed-).
utgu- expect-
Something expected to occur or to become the case.
utiu- family-
A family, as a nuclear family or an extended family.
utke- book-
Book, volume, recorded information bound into a physical unit. This meaning is broader than the common meaning of English "book".
-utpaf- -occasional-
Occasionally true, sometimes the case.
uttu- glass-
Glass, any vitreous material.
utuei- standard-
A standard, a eaho- (rule-) whose purpose is to standardize.
utufu- prolific-
Prolific or fertile in creating new ideas, events, or things.
utut- probability-
A likelyhood, a statistical probability, a value from [0,1].
uug- broken-
Broken, nonfunctional, not usable for achieving its intended purpose though it would work if it were not broken.
uuko- name-
A name.
uusa- lizard-
Lepidosauromorph, a lizard or snake, including the tuatara. A cladistic term.
-ux- -little-
Little, small in physical size or in magnitude.
leaiux-
falsehood+little-
a minor lie
uxaa- fair-
Something (as a situation or a decision) which is fair to a set of agents, in the sense of fair play; no one is favored or disfavored unduly.
uxet- frog-
A frog. A cladistic term.
uxito- larva-
First or early form of an organism which undergoes metamorphosis into a different form.
uxog- vengeful-
A feeling of revenge, a desire for vengeance.
uxu- nine-
The number 9.
xa or
A conjunction meaning and/or (logical or): At least one is true.
xaag- full-
Full, as a container full of contents.
xaagpo-
full+opposite-
empty
xaehe- middle-
The middle or center of a shape, the part farthest from the surface.
xag- underway-
Something which is current, now underway.
xagki- vehicle-
Vehicle, an efasa- (tool-) for moving itself, possibly with cargo. For example, most animals.
xagle- phrase-
A phrase or clause.
xagtu- predator-
A predator. Not a cladistic term.
-xah- -amount-
Convert a thing into its amount or number. Or, given a number, treat the number as an amount or quantity.
guixah-
fish+amount-
the number of fish, or the amount of fish (perhaps by weight)
3xahso guipe
3+amount+attribute fish+exist
there were three fish
3so guixahpe
3+attribute fish+amount+exist
there were three fish
3xahguipe
3+amount+fish+exist
there were three fish
3xahhu
3+amount+time
three times, at three times
3xahhe
3+amount+place
in three places
xahou- hormone-
A hormone.
xahul- bottle-
Bottle, gas cylinder, a container for fluid-like contents, having a small opening.
xalis- plastic-
Plastic, as a material.
xao- evening-
Evening.
xapa- risk-
A risky or uncertain goal.
xape- maximum-
Maximum, the greatest in value or magnitude from among some set.
xapog- percent-
A percentage, which is a kind of tuco- (proportion-).
-xasa- -goal-
Emphasize the word as relevant to a goal. "We're looking for clues here, and THAT's a clue."
xasho- implicit-
Implicit, implied or suggested by some other statement, perhaps in a vague or culturally-specific way.
xashopo-
implicit+opposite-
explicit
xasi- top-
The top, the summit, a surface that is expected or intended to face upward.
xason- feces-
Feces.
xat- green-
Green in color.
xaxet- organization-
An organization, a collective agent. An organization is an agent which includes one or more other agents as component parts; see fethi- (in-organization-). The degenerate organization which includes only one agent is still an organization. Compare ifsan- (team-).
-xe -whole
Coordinating inflection. A whole which contains some parts or aspects, which may be specified by -xu (-part). Multiple -whole in the same clause must be the same thing.
xe- curse-
Damn it; something the speaker is cursing vulgarly.
xecat- wet-
Wet, containing water or with water on it.
xeha- raw-material-
Raw material, a calot- (input-) which is converted to a onlo- (product-) by an event.
xehaha- halogen-
A halogen.
xehe- utensil-
Eating utensil.
xein- topic-
A topic or subject of communication.
xenpa- detail-
A detail, a small or unimportant part.
xepig- forage-
To forage, hunt, fish, shop for food, visit the fridge, etc.; to seek food.
xeus- concept-
A concept, an idea, a functional component in a poaka- (idea-), or system of thought. It is itself also a poaka-.
xeuu- pet-
A pet.
xexi- temperate-
Temperate or moderate in behavior.
xexipo-
temperate+opposite-
excessive, over the top
-xia- -similar-
Something similar to the root.
aloxia-
human+similar-
humanlike, humanoid
xiasu- processor-
A tool for carrying out lelu- (process-). This is a vague word.
xig- started-
Something which has started (and perhaps finished).
xiga- fire-
Fire, combustion, to burn.
xigin- electric-charge-
Electric charge.
xihpo- parasite-
A parasite.
xii- regulation-
Regulation, rule, codified nuna- (policy-).
-xil- -start-time-
The beginning, the time it started to be true.
xilu- warning-
A warning.
xiof- rod-
Rodlike, elongated, straight and relatively stiff.
xiopo- gold-
Gold, the chemical element.
xiso- can-
Can, canister, totally sealed container, contained in all directions.
xit- red-
Red in color.
xitta- roar-
Roar, rumble, a loud prolonged sound.
xoasa- mind-
The mind of an agent, its poaka- (idea-).
xoce- slurry-
Slurry, a liquid containing solid grains that are not in suspension.
xofhu- reciprocal-
The reciprocal of a number: 1/a.
xofla- density-
Density, the mass or (as in English) other property per unit volume or area.
xohon- motor-
Motor, propulsion system.
-xoi- -inferior-
Socially inferior, of lower social status.
xoka- positive-emotion-
A feeling emotion.
xon- morning-
Morning.
xonpo- pushbutton-
A button, a timer, a oaaf- (operating-control-) to indicate a point in time.
xosu- orderly-
Orderly, tidy, systematic, organized.
-xot -label
Subordinating inflection. The subordinate is a label of the head, a name or arbitrary designation to distinguish it from others. Compare -af- (-nth-).
3xot hukunxagkia.
3+label chain+vehicle+same.
Train #3.
Xitxot hukunxagkicacaga.
Red+label chain+vehicle+trajectory+same.
The Red Line.
xou- water-
Water or water ice.
xoxan- difference-
A difference, something that is not the same.
-xu -part
Coordinating inflection. A part or aspect of some whole, which may be specified by -xe (-whole). Multiple parts in the same clause are parts of the same whole.
xuale- influence-
Influence, a weak cause that tends to bring about change or has a chance to bring about change. Opposite: A strong cause, a compelling force.
xufxo- planet-
A planet.
xug- finished-
Something which has finished.
xugte- lamp-
Lamp, a tool for making light or other radiation.
xuhut- likely-
Somethat that probably exists or is likely to be the case.
-xul- -end-time-
The end, the time it stopped being true.
xulan- periodic-
Periodic, repeating over time.
xule- body-
The physical aspect of a system which may also include an information aspect, its poaka- (idea-).
xuo- gas-
Gaseous, as opposed to liquid, etc.
xupai- misleading-
Information which appears to be or is intended to be sixun- (evidence-), but which is misleading, deceptive, or false.
xusig- layered-
Layered, made up of parts which are layers, slices, or strata, not necessarily parallel. Compare cuki- (banded-).
xut- blue-
Blue in color.
xuto- paragraph-
A paragraph.